Contrasting effects of ploidy level on seed production in a diploid tetraploid system

Münzbergová, Zuzana; Skuhrovec, Jiří

doi:10.1093/aobpla/plw077

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 88 publications

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“…For example, increased selfing could facilitate separation between ploidies (Barringer, 2007;Husband et al, 2008;Segraves and Anneberg, 2016). For outcrossing species, mechanisms such as separation in flowering time (e.g., Husband and Schemske, 2000;Jersáková et al, 2010;Castro et al, 2011;Münzbergová et al, 2015;Münzbergová and Skuhrovec, 2017;Pegoraro et al, 2019) or geography/niche differentiation (e.g., Raabová et al, 2008;Maherali et al, 2009;Muñoz-Pajares et al, 2018;Decanter et al, 2020) could contribute to isolation. Natural selection could also act on floral traits for differentiated pollinator signals (e.g., Nuismer and Cunningham, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in Floral Scent and Petal Reflectance Between Diploid and Tetraploid Chamerion angustifolium

2021

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Genome duplication in plants is thought to be a route to speciation due to cytotype incompatibility. However, to reduce cross-pollination between cytotypes in animal-pollinated species, distinctive floral phenotypes, which would allow pollinator-mediated assortative mating between flowers, are also expected. Chamerion angustifolium is a Holarctic species that forms a hybrid zone between diploid and tetraploid populations in the North American Rocky Mountains. Extensive research has shown that these cytotypes differ in many ways, including some floral traits, and that pollinators can discriminate between cytotypes, leading to assortative mating. However, two signals commonly used by insect pollinators have not been measured for this species, namely petal colour and floral scent. Using greenhouse-grown diploids and tetraploids of C. angustifolium from the ploidy hybrid-zone in the North American Rocky Mountains, we show that both floral scent signals and petal reflectance differ between cytotypes. These differences, along with differences in flower size shown previously, could help explain pollinator-mediated assortative mating observed in previous studies. However, these differences in floral phenotypes may vary in importance to pollinators. While the differences in scent included common floral volatiles readily detected by bumblebees, the differences in petal reflectance may not be perceived by bees based on their visual sensitivity across the spectra. Thus, our results suggest that differences in floral volatile emissions are more likely to contribute to pollinator discrimination between cytotypes and highlight the importance of understanding the sensory systems of pollinators when examining floral signals.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in Floral Scent and Petal Reflectance Between Diploid and Tetraploid Chamerion angustifolium

2021

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“…Ehrlén & Münzbergová, 2009;Leimu et al, 2012;Sun et al, 2016;Thomsen & Sargent, 2017). To deal with herbivory, plants have evolved a wide range of defence mechanisms, 666 Marcela Kuglerová et al 2016;Münzbergová & Skuhrovec, 2017). The strength of the plant-herbivore interactions, however, also depends on the environmental conditions from which the plants originate (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relative importance of drought, soil quality, and plant species in determining the strength of plant–herbivore interactions

Kuglerová

Skuhrovec

Münzbergová

2019

Ecological Entomology

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1. Although studies on plant-herbivore interactions comparing different plant species are common, little is known about the importance of environmental conditions in determining variation in herbivory within single plant species.2. This study assessed the effects of experimentally manipulated nutrient and water availability on plant palatability, and compared these differences with differences among species. The extent to which these patterns can be explained by leaf toughness and specific leaf area was also investigated. Six plant species from the subfamily Carduoideae and four free-living leaf chewing invertebrates were used in the study.3. Herbivore preferences were significantly affected by soil nutrients and water regime and varied among plant as well as herbivore species. Generally, herbivores preferred watered plants and plants from nutrient-poor soil. The effects of soil nutrients and water regime differed between the plant and herbivore species. The differences between the plant species were greater than those between the environmental treatments. Differences at both levels could be partly explained by leaf toughness and specific leaf area. Leaf toughness, in particular, turned to be an important predictor indicating that herbivores preferred species with softer leaves, and species from wetter conditions with reduced leaf toughness.4. The environmental conditions in which plants are growing have significant effects on plant palatability. Between-species comparisons thus need to pay attention to this variation. Future studies may consider how the effects of current conditions interact with conditions of plant origin to predict possible effects of changes in environmental conditions on the intensity of plant-herbivore interactions.

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“…Here, 2× and 4× indicate use of diploid and tetraploid cytotypes of the given species, respectively. Each cytotype is treated as a separate species as we have previously shown that the type and intensity of plant-herbivore interaction differ between these two cytotypes [36,37].…”

Section: Study Plant Species and Study Localitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Data on Herbivore Performance and Plant Herbivore Damage Identify the Same Plant Traits as the Key Drivers of Plant–Herbivore Interaction

Münzbergová

Skuhrovec

2020

Insects

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Data on plant herbivore damage as well as on herbivore performance have been previously used to identify key plant traits driving plant–herbivore interactions. The extent to which the two approaches lead to similar conclusions remains to be explored. We determined the effect of a free-living leaf-chewing generalist caterpillar, Spodoptera littoralis (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), on leaf damage of 24 closely related plant species from the Carduoideae subfamily and the effect of these plant species on caterpillar growth. We used a wide range of physical defense leaf traits and leaf nutrient contents as the plant traits. Herbivore performance and leaf damage were affected by similar plant traits. Traits related to higher caterpillar mortality (higher leaf dissection, number, length and toughness of spines and lower trichome density) also led to higher leaf damage. This fits with the fact that each caterpillar was feeding on a single plant and, thus, had to consume more biomass of the less suitable plants to obtain the same amount of nutrients. The key plant traits driving plant–herbivore interactions identified based on data on herbivore performance largely corresponded to the traits identified as important based on data on leaf damage. This suggests that both types of data may be used to identify the key plant traits determining plant–herbivore interactions. It is, however, important to carefully distinguish whether the data on leaf damage were obtained in the field or in a controlled feeding experiment, as the patterns expected in the two environments may go in opposite directions.

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Contrasting effects of ploidy level on seed production in a diploid tetraploid system

Cited by 9 publications

References 88 publications

Differences in Floral Scent and Petal Reflectance Between Diploid and Tetraploid Chamerion angustifolium

Differences in Floral Scent and Petal Reflectance Between Diploid and Tetraploid Chamerion angustifolium

Relative importance of drought, soil quality, and plant species in determining the strength of plant–herbivore interactions

Data on Herbivore Performance and Plant Herbivore Damage Identify the Same Plant Traits as the Key Drivers of Plant–Herbivore Interaction

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