Contrasting Effects of Marine and Terrestrially Derived Dissolved Organic Matter on Mercury Speciation and Bioavailability in Seawater

Schartup, Amina T.; Ndu, Udonna; Balcom, Prentiss H.; Mason, Robert P.; Sunderland, Elsie M.

doi:10.1021/es506274x

Cited by 118 publications

(105 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…This is probably due to the fact that the DGM and THg concentrations in the nearshore area were all higher than those in the open sea. This distribution pattern of %DGM was consistent with the results of previous studies (Baeyens and Leermakers, 1998;Schartup et al, 2015;Soerensen et al, 2013). In addition, we found that %DGM at the coastal stations of the Zhoushan Island was lower than those other stations.…”

supporting

confidence: 92%

Air-sea exchange of gaseous mercury in the East China Sea

Wang

et al. 2016

Environmental Pollution

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a b s t r a c tTwo oceanographic cruises were carried out in the East China Sea (ECS) during the summer and fall of 2013. The main objectives of this study are to identify the spatial-temporal distributions of gaseous elemental mercury (GEM) in air and dissolved gaseous mercury (DGM) in surface seawater, and then to estimate the Hg 0 flux. The GEM concentration was lower in summer (1.61 ± 0.32 ng m À3 ) than in fall (2.20 ± 0.58 ng m À3). The back-trajectory analysis revealed that the air masses with high GEM levels during fall largely originated from the land, while the air masses with low GEM levels during summer primarily originated from ocean. The spatial distribution patterns of total Hg (THg), fluorescence, and turbidity were consistent with the pattern of DGM with high levels in the nearshore area and low levels in the open sea. Additionally, the levels of percentage of DGM to THg (%DGM) were higher in the open sea than in the nearshore area, which was consistent with the previous studies. The THg concentration in fall was higher (1.47 ± 0.51 ng l À1 ) than those of other open oceans. The DGM concentration (60.1 ± 17.6 pg l À1 ) and Hg 0 flux (4.6 ± 3.6 ng m À2 h À1 ) in summer were higher than those in fall (DGM:49.6 ± 12.5 pg l À1 and Hg 0 flux: 3.6 ± 2.8 ng m À2 h À1). The emission flux of Hg 0 from the ECS was estimated to be 27.6 tons yr À1, accounting for~0.98% of the global Hg oceanic evasion though the ECS only accounts for~0.21% of global ocean area, indicating that the ECS plays an important role in the oceanic Hg cycle.

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supporting

confidence: 92%

Air-sea exchange of gaseous mercury in the East China Sea

Wang

et al. 2016

Environmental Pollution

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“…This is consistent with previous studies suggesting an enhanced Hg methylation under low sulfidic (Graham et al, 2012a) or low DOC conditions (French et al, 2014). Thus, the effect of DOM on Hg uptake and methylation by microbes may strongly depend on environmental conditions (Schartup et al, 2015). Here, the reason why the same amount of amended rice straw resulted in a different DOC increase in the two soils may be related to the microbial community that degraded rice straw.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Influence of rice straw amendment on mercury methylation and nitrification in paddy soils

Liu

Dong

Han

et al. 2016

Environmental Pollution

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“…These values were significantly lower than those in open oceans (~10-50 %, e.g., Mason et al 2001;Soerensen et al 2013;Schartup et al 2015) and comparable to concentrations of many coast and offshore environments (1-5 %, e.g., Ci et al 2011a, d). It should be noted that our values were slightly higher than those in the northern SCS in the summer cruise (3.0 %, Fu et al 2010) but significantly higher than those in the winter in the SEATS (~1 %) and other seasons (1-1.6 %) (Tseng et al 2013).…”

Section: Hg(0) In Watermentioning

confidence: 58%

“…Many field measurements also widely reported that the water Hg(0) concentrations in nearshore environments were generally higher than those in the open water (e.g., Mason et al 2001;Ci et al 2011d). The field observations and incubation experiments suggest that the special properties of nearshore environment, such as the enhanced THg levels, the estuarine mixing, and the high biological activity, can either promote the production of water Hg(0) and/or increase the Hg(0) input to the coastal water (Amyot et al 1997;Lanzillotta et al 2002;Rolfhus et al 2003;Covelli et al 2008;Fantozzi et al 2009;Schartup et al 2015;Ci et al 2016).…”

Section: Hg(0) In Watermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One is that the biological process of the coral reef ecosystem may directly reduce the Hg(II) to Hg(0) via the microbial-mediated Hg(II) reduction (Fantozzi et al 2009). The other is that the high productivity of the coral ecosystem alters the water chemistry, for example increasing the organic matter in water column, and thus may promote the Hg(0) production since the organic matter generally favors the photoreduction of Hg(II) to Hg(0) (Costa and Liss 1999;Schartup et al 2015). Therefore, we suppose that the special property of the Luhuitou fringing reef, particularly the large coverage of corals, may greatly promote the production of Hg(0) in coastal water, resulting in higher Hg(0) concentrations and Hg(0)/ THg ratio in coastal water than the open water of the SCS.…”

Section: Hg(0) In Watermentioning

confidence: 99%

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Air–sea exchange of gaseous mercury in the tropical coast (Luhuitou fringing reef) of the South China Sea, the Hainan Island, China

Zhang

Wang

2016

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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The air-sea exchange of gaseous mercury (mainly Hg(0)) in the tropical ocean is an important part of the global Hg biogeochemical cycle, but the related investigations are limited. In this study, we simultaneously measured Hg(0) concentrations in surface waters and overlaying air in the tropical coast (Luhuitou fringing reef) of the South China Sea (SCS), Hainan Island, China, for 13 days on January-February 2015. The purpose of this study was to explore the temporal variation of Hg(0) concentrations in air and surface waters, estimate the air-sea Hg(0) flux, and reveal their influencing factors in the tropical coastal environment. The mean concentrations (±SD) of Hg(0) in air and total Hg (THg) in waters were 2.34 ± 0.26 ng m −3 and 1.40 ± 0.48 ng L −1 , respectively. Both Hg(0) concentrations in waters (53.7 ± 18.8 pg L −1 ) and Hg(0)/THg ratios (3.8 %) in this study were significantly higher than those of the open water of the SCS in winter. Hg(0) in waters usually exhibited a clear diurnal variation with increased concentrations in daytime and decreased concentrations in nighttime, especially in cloudless days with low wind speed. Linear regression analysis suggested that Hg(0) concentrations in waters were positively and significantly correlated to the photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) (R 2 = 0.42, p < 0.001). Surface waters were always supersaturated with Hg(0) compared to air (the degree of saturation, 2.46 to 13.87), indicating that the surface water was one of the atmospheric Hg(0) sources. The air-sea Hg(0) fluxes were estimated to be 1.73 ± 1.25 ng m −2 h −1 with a large range between 0.01 and 6.06 ng m −2 h −1 . The high variation of Hg(0) fluxes was mainly attributed to the greatly temporal variation of wind speed.

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Contrasting Effects of Marine and Terrestrially Derived Dissolved Organic Matter on Mercury Speciation and Bioavailability in Seawater

Cited by 118 publications

References 71 publications

Air-sea exchange of gaseous mercury in the East China Sea

Air-sea exchange of gaseous mercury in the East China Sea

Influence of rice straw amendment on mercury methylation and nitrification in paddy soils

Air–sea exchange of gaseous mercury in the tropical coast (Luhuitou fringing reef) of the South China Sea, the Hainan Island, China

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