Contrasting ecotoxicity effects of zinc on growth and photosynthesis in a neutrophilic alga (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii) and an extremophilic alga (Cyanidium caldarium)

Antioxidant response of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii grown under different element regimes

“…An increase in N or Zn level in growth media was recently reported to have adverse effects on C. reinhardtii growth (Cakmak et al . ; Mikulic & Beardall ). Despite its role as cofactor for many biochemical processes, at high concentrations, zinc damages photosystem II (Spijkerman et al .…”

“…On the other hand, maximum cell number was determined on the last day of incubation with a value of 13.78 × 10 6 , 10.48 × 10 6 and 9.82 × 10 6 cells mL −1 in controlled, N and Zn oversupplemented media, respectively, and the decrease in cell density was found statistically significant (P < 0.05). An increase in N or Zn level in growth media was recently reported to have adverse effects on C. reinhardtii growth (Cakmak et al 2014;Mikulic & Beardall 2014). Despite its role as cofactor for many biochemical processes, at high concentrations, zinc damages photosystem II (Spijkerman et al 2007) and decreases efficiency of Calvin cycle (Bertnard & Poirrier 2005) resulting in reduction of growth accompanied by several metabolic responses.…”

Adaptive Laboratory Evolution of Microalgae: A Review of the Regulation of Growth, Stress Resistance, Metabolic Processes, and Biodegradation of Pollutants

“…ALE has been proved to improve the tolerance of microalgae to stress. ALE researchers have revealed the adaptive effects under various conditions: flue gas (mainly includes CO 2 , NO x , and SO x ) (Cheng et al, 2019), ultraviolet radiation (UVR) (Korkaric et al, 2015), light intensity (Deblois et al, 2013), organic contaminants (Cho et al, 2016;Wang et al, 2016;Li et al, 2021), wastewater (the main stressors were high concentrations of heavy metals, oxygen, and ammonium nitrogen) (Osundeko et al, 2014), landfill leachate (the main stressors were high concentrations of heavy metals, and ammonium nitrogen) (Okurowska et al, 2021), heavy metals (Muyssen and Janssen, 2001;Mikulic and Beardall, 2014;Yu et al, 2020), nutrient stress (Helliwell et al, 2015;Li T. et al, 2016), sludge extract (Zhao and Huang, 2020). (Wang et al, 2018), CO 2 (Collins and Bell, 2004;Lohbeck et al, 2012;Schlüter et al, 2014;Li et al, 2015;Cheng et al, 2016;Schaum et al, 2017;Listmann et al, 2020), and high salinity (Perrineau et al, 2014b;Lachapelle et al, 2015;Kato et al, 2017;Meijer et al, 2017;Li X. et al, 2018;Sun et al, 2018a;Hu et al, 2020).…”

Effects of Spraying Zinc Fertilizer on the Physiological and Photosynthetic Characteristics of Millet Plants (Setaria Italica L.) at Different Growth Stages

“…This result indicated that the low Zn concentration strengthened the electron transfer activity of PSII, while high Zn concentration decreased the open part of the PSII reaction center, which hindered the photosynthetic electron transfer. The parameter qN reflects the portion of the light energy dissipated in the form of heat that cannot be used for photosynthetic electron transport in the light absorbed by the PSII antenna (Mu et al, 2016;Mikulic and Beardall, 2014). The results showed that qN increased first and then decreased with the increase in Zn concentration.…”