Contrasting chronic with episodic depression: An analysis of distorted socio-emotional information processing in chronic depression

Randenborgh, Annette van; Hüffmeier, Joachim; Victor, Daniela; Klocke, Katharina; Borlinghaus, Jannika; Pawelzik, Markus R.

doi:10.1016/j.jad.2012.02.039

Cited by 61 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Therefore, studies that assess potential differences in the pathology of chronic and episodic forms of depression may be of great importance. The ToM abilities of a chronically depressed patient group were compared in one study [78] to those of an episodic depressed patient group using the RMET, and in another one [79] to a first-episode depressed patient group using the FHA and the TASIT, but neither of them revealed significant differences. …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It should be noted that the number of participants in several of these studies has been rather small [35,42,45,53,55,57,58,68]. No difference was found on ToM decoding [78] or ToM reasoning [79] abilities between patients suffering from episodic or chronic forms of depression. Patients with psychotic symptoms of depression seem to have a more serious ToM dysfunction than patients with non-psychotic depression.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Theory of Mind in Depressive Disorders: A Review of the Literature

Berecz

Tényi

Herold³

2016

Psychopathology

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Background: Theory of mind (ToM) is the ability to infer the mental states of others in order to understand and predict their behaviour. This ability is thought to be essential to social functioning and interpersonal relationships. As major depression is characterized by considerable social and interpersonal difficulties, exploration of the quality of ToM functioning can be particularly relevant in this and in related disorders. We aim to review the current state of research on ToM in depressive disorders in order to find out the extent to which ToM impairment is associated with these illnesses. Methods: An internet database search was carried out to collect all publications on the subject. Results: A total of 32 publications in English met our inclusion criteria: (a) 17 studies on ToM in major depression, (b) 4 studies on ToM in psychotic depression, (c) 3 studies on ToM in dysphoria or mild depression, (d) 4 studies on ToM in euthymic major depression, (e) 2 studies on ToM in chronic versus episodic depression, and (f) 2 studies on ToM in another psychiatric disorder with comorbid major depression. Conclusions: Despite an increased interest in the research of the topic in recent years, no firm conclusions can be drawn, as the reviewed articles present some conflicting results. Acutely depressed patients have been found to be impaired on tasks involving both ToM social-perceptual and social-cognitive components. On the other hand, a number of studies have not reported significant between-group differences between depressed patients and healthy controls or have found minimal differences. Further research is needed in order to confirm and extend these results.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Theory of Mind in Depressive Disorders: A Review of the Literature

Berecz

Tényi

Herold³

2016

Psychopathology

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“…The 3 existing behavioral studies on mentalizing in chronic depression share the problem that they did neither test for emotional mentalizing specifically in comparison with other mentalizing contents nor model a general cognitive deterioration in their experiments [34,35,36]. In contrast, Zobel et al [36] found chronically depressed patients to be markedly impaired in both mentalizing tasks and a variety of neuropsychological tasks.…”

Section: The Application Of Mentalizing Experiments To Link the Psychmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Van Randenborgh et al [34] compared mentalizing abilities of chronically and episodically depressed patients using the Reading the Mind in the Eyes Task [4] as well as self-ratings of the Interpersonal Reactivity Index and the Toronto Alexithymia Scale [39]. While no mentalizing differences were found between both groups, chronically depressed patients scored higher in alexithymia [34].…”

Section: The Application Of Mentalizing Experiments To Link the Psychmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mentalizing Functions Provide a Conceptual Link of Brain Function and Social Cognition in Major Mental Disorders

Schnell

2014

Psychopathology

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The review presents a research perspective that defines mentalizing functions as a very promising topic to bridge psychopathology and neurobiological foundations of mental disorders. However, the high diversity of existing observations in mentalizing research calls for a structured assessment of functional mentalizing subdomains. A notable problem is the overlap of functional systems involved in mentalizing and emotion processing. A proposed solution is to conceptualize mentalizing functions due to their content (visuospatial vs. emotional) perspective and substrates (cognitive or explicit signals). This conceptual organization is mirrored in functional imaging experiments dissociating anteromedial and posterolateral brain regions, especially the involvement of the medial prefrontal cortex in mentalizing emotions and the temporoparietal cortex in visuospatial perspective taking. The present state and perspectives of mentalizing research are demonstrated in two major fields of mental disorders, depression and schizophrenia. In depression the existent contradictory findings demand a control of cognitive impairments, which are frequently associated with depressive disorders. In schizophrenia there is already consistent evidence that defines mentalizing functions as promising endophenotype, which can possibly link psychopathology to its neurobiological foundations.

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Differences between chronic and nonchronic depression: Systematic review and implications for treatment

et al. 2018

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Background: There is still uncertainty if and to what extent chronic depression (CD) presents with specific features especially in contrast to the nonchronic course of major depressive disorder (non-CD). This systematic review aims to summarize the existing literature regarding sociodemographic factors, psychopathology, and course of disease in patients with CD in comparison to patients with non-CD. Methods: A structured database search (MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Web of Science, CENTRAL) was performed. All studies comparing CD with non-CD patients were included. Twenty-eight studies, including cohort studies, cross-sectional studies, and observational studies, were identified in which both subgroups were diagnosed according to DSM-IV or DSM-5, respectively. Primary outcome were group comparisons focused on sociodemographic factors, childhood adversity, onset of the disorder, comorbidities, severity and course of the depressive symptoms, and specific psychopathology.Results: Patients with CD had an earlier onset of depressive symptoms, higher rates of psychiatric comorbidities, and a complicated treatment course (e.g., higher rates of suicidality) compared to non-CD. We also found some evidence for specific features in the psychopathology of CD patients (submissive and hostile interpersonal styles) in contrast to non-CD patients. Results were inconsistent with regard to childhood maltreatment. No differences were found regarding the severity of depressive symptoms and most sociodemographic factors. Conclusion:Despite some inconsistencies, the results of this review verified important differences between CD and non-CD. However, future research is needed to characterize especially the specific psychopathology of CD in comparison to non-CD patients to develop more tailored treatment strategies. K E Y W O R D Sassessment/diagnosis, clinical trials, depression, dysthymic disorder, mood disorders 18

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Contrasting chronic with episodic depression: An analysis of distorted socio-emotional information processing in chronic depression

Cited by 61 publications

References 48 publications

Theory of Mind in Depressive Disorders: A Review of the Literature

Theory of Mind in Depressive Disorders: A Review of the Literature

Mentalizing Functions Provide a Conceptual Link of Brain Function and Social Cognition in Major Mental Disorders

Differences between chronic and nonchronic depression: Systematic review and implications for treatment

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