Contrast- Induced Nephropathy after Coronary Angiography

Abstract

Contrast induced nephropathy (CIN) has become the third leading cause of hospital-acquired acute kidney injury. We aimed to measure the incidence of (CIN) and to assess predicting major risk factors. We enrolled 302 patients who were admitted to cardiology department of Baghdad Teaching Hospital, for elective catheterization. After taking informed consents, data were collected including (hypertension, diabetes mellitus, use of nephrotoxic drugs). We excluded patients with severe renal dysfunction. Serum creatinine (S. Cr) was obtained before procedure and 48-hour later, only 104 patients completed the study. Our results showed that the incidence of (CIN) was 28.8% based on a 25% relative increase in (S. Cr) criteria, 11.5 % based on a 0.5 mg/dL absolute increase in (S. Cr). The incidence was 20 % in patient without risk factors while in those with risk factors was 31.6%. There was a significant relationship between volume of contrast & (CIN). The functional stage of kidney significantly affects (CIN) and risk was increased in those with prior history of hypertension and nephrotoxic drugs usage. In conclusion, (CIN) was significantly associated with underlying renal dysfunction, history of hypertension, and nephrotoxic drugs usage and volume of contrast was one of the strongest predictors.