Contrast‐enhanced ultrasound features of adrenal lesions in dogs

Burti, Silvia; Zotti, Alessandro; Rubini, Giuseppe; Orlandi, Riccardo; Bargellini, Paolo; Bonsembiante, Federico; Contiero, Barbara; Bendazzoli, Margherita; Banzato, Tommaso

doi:10.1002/vetr.2949

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 26 publications

(84 reference statements)

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“…Contrast-enhanced ultrasound studies evaluated adrenal gland neoplasia and established parameters for the differentiation of adenoma, adenocarcinoma, and pheochromocytoma [75][76][77][78]. Malignant adrenal gland tumors presented heterogeneous contrast-enhancement patterns.…”

Section: Adrenal Glandsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Adenomas, adenocarcinomas, and pheochromocytoma shared similar characteristics, such as intra-lesional microcirculation and regions of hypoperfusion. In this way, cytology and histopathology are gold standard methods for confirming the diagnosis [78]. Hypoechoic nodules detected in the hepatic parenchyma during the peak of contrast were highly suggestive of malignancy [73,74].…”

Section: Adrenal Glandsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Adrenal Glandsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Use of New Ultrasonography Methods for Detecting Neoplasms in Dogs and Cats: A Review

Ercolin,

Uchôa,

Aires

et al. 2024

Animals

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The aim of this literature review was to present the novel imaging modalities elastography and contrast-enhanced ultrasonography. We provided an overview of the concepts and applications of each technique for the investigation of neoplastic and metastatic tumors in dogs and cats. Studies on elastography are based on the elasticity and deformation of the evaluated tissue. The information obtained from the different types of elastography can aid in the detection and differentiation of malignant and benign structures. Descriptions of elastography studies in several organs and tissue in veterinary medicine reported that, in general, malignant tumors tend to be more rigid and, therefore, less deformable than benign lesions or in comparison to the healthy parenchyma. Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography is based on the intravenous injection of contrast media constituted by microbubbles. This imaging modality can be performed in nonsedated animals and provides information on the tissue perfusion, allowing the investigation of macro- and micro-circulation. Studies on different organs and tissues were performed in dogs and cats and revealed a tendency of malignant tumors to present faster transit of the contrast media (time to wash-in, peak and wash-out). These advanced techniques can be associated with other imaging modalities, aiding important information to the well-established exams of B-mode and Doppler ultrasonography. They can be used as screening tests, potentially representing an alternative to the invasive sampling methods required for cytological and histopathological analysis.

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Section: Adrenal Glandsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Adrenal Glandsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Use of New Ultrasonography Methods for Detecting Neoplasms in Dogs and Cats: A Review

Ercolin,

Uchôa,

Aires

et al. 2024

Animals

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“…For example, by evaluation of hemodynamic (image enhancement) patterns, contrast-enhanced POCUS imaging can help identify hepatic arterioportal fistulas ( 92 ). Initial contrast-enhanced POCUS studies also demonstrated improved visualization of tumorous tissue ( 93 ) and could distinguish between benign and malignant lesions ( 94 , 95 ). Given the numerous studies that have detailed a very low incidence of adverse events and the safe use of contrast-enhanced POCUS in animal patients ( 96 – 98 ), many more diagnostic applications in veterinary medicine could follow.…”

Section: Applications Of Pocusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Critical Advances for Democratizing Ultrasound Diagnostics in Human and Veterinary Medicine

Kaffas,

Vo-Phamhi,

Griffin

et al. 2024

Annual Review of Biomedical Engineering

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The democratization of ultrasound imaging refers to the process of making ultrasound technology more accessible. Traditionally, ultrasound imaging has been predominately used in specialized medical facilities by trained professionals. Advancements in technology and changes in the health-care landscape have inspired efforts to broaden the availability of ultrasound imaging to various settings such as remote and resource-limited areas. In this review, we highlight several key factors that have contributed to the ongoing democratization of ultrasound imaging, including portable and handheld devices, recent advancements in technology, and training and education. Examples of diagnostic point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) imaging used in emergency and critical care, gastroenterology, musculoskeletal applications, and other practices are provided for both human and veterinary medicine. Open challenges and the future of POCUS imaging are presented, including the emerging role of artificial intelligence in technology development. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Biomedical Engineering, Volume 26 is May 2024. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.

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Canine phaeochromocytoma: a guide to diagnosis and treatment

van den Berg,

Galac

2024

Companion Animal

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Phaeochromocytomas are neuroendocrine tumours arising from chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla. Clinical signs are primarily associated with excessive catecholamine secretion and, to a lesser extent, with the space-occupying or invasive nature of the tumour. The diagnosis of phaeochromocytoma relies on clinical suspicion, biochemical testing, diagnostic imaging and histopathology. Biochemical testing mainly depends on the measurement of levels of plasma or urinary metanephrines, with normetanephrine demonstrating superior diagnostic performance compared to metanephrine. Adrenalectomy is the treatment of choice, but may not be possible in cases with extensive local invasion, concurrent disorders or distant metastasis. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography is recommended for surgical planning and metastasis screening. Vascular invasion is frequently observed, yet surgery remains a viable option in many cases. Recent studies question the necessity of alpha-blockade before surgery, and randomised controlled clinical trials are necessary to evaluate this. Long-term survival is often seen in dogs that survive the perioperative period. For patients in which surgery is not deemed feasible, medical treatment with tyrosine-kinase inhibitors may be considered. Given the current scarcity of effective medical treatment, there is an urgent need to identify novel therapeutic options. This review provides recommendations on the diagnosis and management of canine phaeochromocytoma.

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Contrast‐enhanced ultrasound features of adrenal lesions in dogs

Cited by 4 publications

References 26 publications

Use of New Ultrasonography Methods for Detecting Neoplasms in Dogs and Cats: A Review

Use of New Ultrasonography Methods for Detecting Neoplasms in Dogs and Cats: A Review

Critical Advances for Democratizing Ultrasound Diagnostics in Human and Veterinary Medicine

Canine phaeochromocytoma: a guide to diagnosis and treatment

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