Contrast effects of background factors on the similarity-attraction relationship.

Mascaro, Guillermo F.; Graves, William

doi:10.1037/h0034227

Cited by 12 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Experiments by Mascaro and Graves (1973) and Griffitt (1971) support the notion of a contrast effect within the attitude similarityattraction paradigm. Mascaro and Graves (1973) found that a second stranger's attraction was affected by the first stranger's rate of agreement. 1 That is, the second stranger was liked less as the first stranger's rate of agreement increased relative to that of the second stranger.…”

Section: Opposing Predictionsmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…In contrast, Stranger B should be liked more after the second meeting, since not only has the rate of agreement increased but the rate has also increased relative to that of Stranger A. Experiments by Mascaro and Graves (1973) and Griffitt (1971) support the notion of a contrast effect within the attitude similarityattraction paradigm. Mascaro and Graves (1973) found that a second stranger's attraction was affected by the first stranger's rate of agreement.…”

Section: Opposing Predictionsmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Effects of contrast and generalization on the attitude similarity–attraction relationship.

Seta¹,

Martin²,

Capehart³

1979

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

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An experiment was performed examining the phenomena of contrast and generalization within the attitude similarity -attraction paradigm. Subjects read of the attitudes of two strangers (A and B) whom they had met and who had both initially agreed with these subjects on 50% of a number of topics. After a brief period of time, each subject again met the two strangers. During this second meeting, Stranger A continued to agree with the subject at a 50% rate, whereas Stranger B agreed with the subject at a 100% rate. In one condition, the two strangers were depicted as members of the same group, and in a second condition, the two strangers were depicted as members of different groups. The results indicated that after the second meeting, there was less of a difference between the attractiveness of Strangers A and B in the same-group condition compared to the different-group condition. In addition, within the differentgroup condition, Stranger A was liked less after the second meeting than after the first meeting, whereas within the same-group condition, Stranger A was liked more after the second meeting than after the first meeting. These results support the notion that the effects of contrast are accentuated when two individuals being rated are distinct entities (members of different groups), whereas generalization is accentuated when the two individuals are not distinct entities (members of the same group). The above results are interpreted within the Byrne-Clore reinforcement affect model.

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Section: Opposing Predictionsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Opposing Predictionsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Effects of contrast and generalization on the attitude similarity–attraction relationship.

Seta¹,

Martin²,

Capehart³

1979

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

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show abstract

“…A particular social stereotype may be an asset to a person in one situation, but a liability in another (Dermer & Thiel, 1975). Thus, initial attraction for a particular person should vary not only vdth stereotyped expectancies about that person, but also with the situational context of attraction judgments (Berscheid, Brothen, & Graziano, 1976;Berscheid & Graziano, in press;Mascaro & Graves, 1973;Wagner, 1975). If a person is expected to be aggressive, competitive, and dominant, for example, he may be perceived to be ideal for a business executive position; the expectation of the same qualities in an informal social situation might be met with less enthusiasm.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Height and attraction: Do men and women see eye-to-eye?1

Graziano¹,

Brothen

Berscheid

1978

J Personality

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Two experiments were conducted to examine the influence of male height on interpresonal attraction. In Experiment 1, short, medium, and tall women evaluated pictures of men whom they believed to be either short, medium, or tall. On the basis of previous research, it was predicted that women's attraction to the men would be an increasing linear function of the men's height. This prediction was not confirmed; men of medium height were seen to be significantly more socially desirable than either short or tall men. This was true whether the female evaluator was short, medium, or tall; women did not differ in their evaluations. In Experiment 2, short, medium, and tall men evaluated the same male stimuli the women had evaluated in Experiment 1. These men not only gave their own evaluation of the male stimuli, but they also estimated how socially desirable the males pictured were to women. While men showed no evidence that they believed height was important to women, their own evaluations revealed that they liked and rated short men more positively than they did tall men. This was true regardless of the height of the male rater. These results were discussed in terms of social stereotypes and the importance of specifying situational context in the prediction of attraction."Height means something to people, and it's wise not to forget it," Michael Korda warns in his popular treatise on power (1975, p. 51). The height that is said to mean something is a man's height rather than a woman's, and whatever its meaning, some men will apparently go to great lengths to attain it. To illustrate, Korda relates anecdotes of the chairman of a conglomerate who 1.

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“…Importantly, this prediction is consistent with a number of previously reported findings. Mascaro and Graves (1973) observed that the same target person was perceived to be more similar to a judge when that judge had previously been exposed to an extremely dissimilar person rather than to a person who was highly similar. Hensley and Duval (1976) found that a similar manipulation across five conditions affected judges' perception of their liking for a judged target group (group S ) as well as the perceived correctness of that groups' views.…”

Section: Self-categorization Theorymentioning

confidence: 95%

Context‐dependent variation in social stereotyping 2: The relationship between frame of reference, self‐categorization and accentuation

Haslam

Turner

1992

Euro J Social Psych

173

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Contrast effects of background factors on the similarity-attraction relationship.

Cited by 12 publications

References 10 publications

Effects of contrast and generalization on the attitude similarity–attraction relationship.

Effects of contrast and generalization on the attitude similarity–attraction relationship.

Height and attraction: Do men and women see eye-to-eye?1

Context‐dependent variation in social stereotyping 2: The relationship between frame of reference, self‐categorization and accentuation

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