Contracting COVID-19 in the first and second trimester of pregnancy: what we know – a concise qualitative systematic review

Abu-Amara, Jasmine A.; Szpecht, Dawid; Al-Saad, Salwan R.; Karbowski, Lukasz M.

doi:10.5114/aoms/133121

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 66 publications

(158 reference statements)

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“…Infection outcomes during pregnancy were divided according to the trimester in which the mother was infected: first, second and third trimester. Symptoms are similar in all trimesters, with fever and cough reported as the most common [7]. However, fever during the first trimester is potentially dangerous.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Hearing Outcomes of Infants Born to Mothers With Active COVID-19 Infection

Kosmidou¹,

Karamatzanis²,

Tzifas³

et al. 2022

Cureus

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IntroductionCOVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, is a highly contagious respiratory tract infection. A major concern of SARS-CoV-2 infection in pregnant women is vertical maternal-fetal transmission and the ramifications on infant hearing. This retrospective study aims to investigate whether perinatal exposure to SARS-CoV-2 has an impact on the hearing of the offspring. MaterialsThe study population included neonates born to unvaccinated COVID-19 positive mothers in the University Hospital of Patras, Greece from March 2020 to January 2021. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests were performed on the neonates on the first, second, , and seventh day of life. All neonates underwent transient evoked otoacoustic emissions (TEOAEs) within the first three months of life and were all examined at the age of nine months. ResultsThirty-two neonates (21 male) were born within the study period and all were transferred to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). Their mean (SD) gestational age was 36.9 (+2.23) weeks and their birth weight was 2,943 (+537) g. Nine of them were preterm and six of them had a low birth weight. Apgar scores calculated at 1' and 5', were in the normal range for 31 (97%) out of 32 neonates. One infant required urgent intubation at birth with an Apgar score of 1' 3 and 5' 4. Four neonates required mechanical ventilatory support, two neonates required nasal CPAP and eight neonates required supplementary oxygen. All infants were negative for TORCH infections.PCR tests were performed within the first day of life and repeated at 48 hours and on the seventh day of life. All PCR tests came back negative. Out of 32 neonates, seven failed the TEOAE test and were tested again a month later with a positive outcome. At nine months of follow-up, all 32 infants passed the TEOAE test. ConclusionIn conclusion, in our study, there was no evidence of vertical transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from mothers infected during the third trimester or hearing impairment of the offspring.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Hearing Outcomes of Infants Born to Mothers With Active COVID-19 Infection

Kosmidou¹,

Karamatzanis²,

Tzifas³

et al. 2022

Cureus

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“…8 However, early studies on coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) during pregnancy mostly focused on infections in the third or late second trimesters, [9][10][11] and only a few studies stratified outcomes according to gestational age in utero at time of infection. 12 In order to assess the association between SARS-CoV-2 infection in early pregnancy and outcomes, we systematically reviewed the published data addressing adverse maternal, fetal and neonatal outcomes following SARS-CoV-2 infection during early pregnancy, defined as the first 20 weeks of gestation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Outcomes of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection in early pregnancy—A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Rodriguez‐Wallberg,

Nilsson,

Røthe

et al. 2024

Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand

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IntroductionAvailable data on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infection and pregnancy outcomes mostly refer to women contracting the infection during advanced pregnancy or close to delivery. There is limited information on the association between SARS‐CoV‐2 infection in early pregnancy and outcomes thereof.Material and methodsWe aimed to systematically review the maternal, fetal and neonatal outcomes following SARS‐CoV‐2 infection in early pregnancy, defined as <20 weeks of gestation (PROSPERO Registration 2020 CRD42020177673). Searches were carried out in PubMed, Medline, EMBASE, and Scopus databases from January 2020 until April 2023 and the WHO database of publications on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) from December 2019 to April 2023. Cohort and case–control studies on COVID‐19 occurring in early pregnancy that reported data on maternal, fetal, and neonatal outcomes were included. Case reports and studies reporting only exposure to SARS‐CoV‐2 or not stratifying outcomes based on gestational age were excluded. Data were extracted in duplicate. Meta‐analyses were conducted when appropriate, using R meta (R version 4.0.5).ResultsA total of 18 studies, 12 retrospective and six prospective, were included in this review, reporting on 10 147 SARS‐CoV‐2‐positive women infected in early pregnancy, 9533 neonates, and 180 882 SARS‐CoV‐2 negative women. The studies had low to moderate risk of bias according to the Newcastle–Ottawa quality assessment Scale. The studies showed significant clinical and methodological heterogeneity. A meta‐analysis could be performed only on the outcome miscarriage rate, with a pooled random effect odds ratio of 1.44 (95% confidence interval 0.96–2.18), showing no statistical difference in miscarriage in SARS‐CoV‐2‐infected women. Individual studies reported increased incidences of stillbirth, low birthweight and preterm birth among neonates born to mothers affected by COVID‐19 in early pregnancy; however, these results were not consistent among all studies.ConclusionsIn this comprehensive systematic review of available evidence, we identified no statistically significant adverse association between SARS‐CoV‐2 infection in early pregnancy (before 20 weeks of gestation) and fetal, neonatal, or maternal outcomes. However, a 44% increase in miscarriage rate is concerning and further studies of larger sample size are needed to confirm or refute our findings.

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“…Above mentioned findings of current research showed resemblance to the previous some studies. [16,17] Pakistan has been hit hard by the COVID-19 pandemic [18]. Even before COVID-19, 24.3 percent of the population was poor [19].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous study showed same results to our findings. [17] COVID-19 positive first and second trimester moms and their newborns are not being followed up on enough due to the novelty of the subject. The majority of women who became pregnant during the pandemic's first and second trimesters have yet to give birth or complete their pregnancy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Covid-19 Pandemic on First and Second Trimester Pregnancies

Fozia¹,

Bibi²,

Sadaf³

et al. 2021

PJMHS

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Objective: Main purpose of this study is to determine the effects of pandemic disease COVID-19 on first and second trimester pregnancies. Study Design: Cross-sectional/Descriptive study Place and Duration: Study was conducted at Gynae and Obs department of Jinnah International Hospital, Abbottabad for duration of 10 months from January to October, 2021. Methods: Total ninety pregnant women of ages 18- 35 years were presented in this study. All the presented women had pandemic disease COVID-19. Women had first and second trimester pregnancies. Patients’ age, body mass index, parity, education status, socio-economic status and residency were calculated after taking informed written consent. Chi square and t-test was performed to differentiate between symptomatic and asymptomatic cases. Outcomes were assessed in terms of stress, depression among mothers and low birth weight of infants, perinatal death, preterm delivery, and C-section. Data was analyzed by SPSS 23.0 version. Results: Among 90 pregnant women 40 (44.4%) patients had first trimester pregnancies and 50 (55.6%) females had second trimester pregnancies. Mean age of the patients was 29.16±6.34 years and had mean BMI 22.13±5.16 kg/m2. Majority of the patients 52 (57.8%) had parity primipara. 44 (48.9%) patients were educated and majority of the patients were financially weak 62 (68.9%). 55 (61.1%) females were from urban areas. 54 (60%) females were symptomatic and 36 (40%) were asymptomatic. Frequency of depression among females was 68 (75.6%) and depression was found in 61 (67.8%) cases. Low birth weight was found in 22 (24.4%) cases, prevalence of preterm delivery was among 38 (42.2%) cases, number of C-section among cases was 47 (52.2%). Perinatal death was found in 7 (7.8%) cases. Majority of the patients with infants were instantly discharged after delivery 75 (83.3%) and 8 patients were admitted because of severity of pandemic disease. Conclusion: We determined in this study that Covid-19 among females with trimester first and second pregnancies were highly affected and had severity of psychotic disorders at start of disease but had lower adverse outcomes with low perinatal mortality. Majority of the females were recovered and discharged safely after delivery. Keywords: Pregnancy, Trimester, C-section, Coronavirus, Outcomes

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Contracting COVID-19 in the first and second trimester of pregnancy: what we know – a concise qualitative systematic review

Cited by 8 publications

References 66 publications

Hearing Outcomes of Infants Born to Mothers With Active COVID-19 Infection

Hearing Outcomes of Infants Born to Mothers With Active COVID-19 Infection

Outcomes of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection in early pregnancy—A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Effects of Covid-19 Pandemic on First and Second Trimester Pregnancies

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