Contraceptive options for women with premenstrual dysphoric disorder: current insights and a narrative review

Lete, Iñaki; Lapuente, Oihane

doi:10.2147/oajc.s97013

Cited by 21 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 54 publications

(62 reference statements)

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“…However, it is important to keep in mind that although these studies established an association between the use of OCPs and depression, it is unclear whether depressive symptoms were assessed during or after the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle to distinguish whether it was premenstrual syndrome-related depression or generalized depression [ 31 ]. In fact, women suffering from PMS-related depression and PMDD have reported dramatic relief from their symptoms once their menstrual flow begins [ 17 ]. Although our study established a relationship between OCP use and the experience of PMS, it has been reported that OCPs (used to suppress ovulation and regulate the menstrual cycle) could be used in the treatment of PMS, although the results from these studies have been mixed with low quality of evidence[ 16 , 32 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The role of OCPs containing a combination of an estrogen and progestogen is to suppress ovulation by modifying the natural fluctuation of these hormones [ 14 - 16 ] thereby preventing pregnancy. Although the etiology of PMS remains unclear, it has been suggested that genetic, environmental, and psychological factors contribute to increased sensitivity to normal hormonal changes and neurotransmitter abnormalities which lead to PMS [ 15 , 17 ]. The relationship between OCPs and the development of symptoms of PMS (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Oral contraceptive use and premenstrual syndrome among sexually active female university students in Cameroon

Akoku

Vukugah

Tihnje³

et al. 2020

Pan Afr Med J

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Introduction premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is a prevalent health problem affecting women of reproductive age and some young women use oral contraceptive pills (OCPs) to prevent unwanted pregnancy. However, the association between OCP use and the experience of symptoms of PMS has not been studied in Cameroon. We examined the association between the use of OCPs and PMS among female university students in Cameroon. Methods we used data extracted from a larger study on sexual and reproductive health that was conducted between July and August 2018 among female university students at the University of Yaoundé 1, Cameroon. A pre-tested, validated and paper-based self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data. We extracted data (demographic and health characteristics, contraceptive use and experience of PMS) for the 424 sexually active students who participated in the larger study. We used Poisson regression analysis to examine the association between OCP use and PMS and conducted stratified analysis to determine effect modification. The level of statistical significance was set at p≤0.05. Results the median age of the 424 sexually active female university students was 23 years (IQR=21-25). About 77.8% of participants self-reported to have experienced symptoms of PMS prior to their last menstrual period. The most commonly reported symptoms of PMS were breast tenderness (55.7%), acne/pimples (39.2%) and abdominal pain (31.1%). After adjusting for confounders in multivariate analysis, we found a statistically significant relationship between the use of OCPs and experience of symptoms of PMS. Current OCP users had a slightly increased risk (PR=1.21; 95%CI, 1.09-1.32, p<0.001) of developing symptoms of PMS compared to non-pill users. We found that age modified the effect of this association. Among older students (≥25 years), the direction of the effect was strongly positive and statistically significant (APR=1.32; 95%CI, 1.12-1.56, p=0.001). Conclusion the proportion of female university students who reported to have experienced symptoms of PMS prior to their last menstrual period was high. The use of OCPs was positively associated with the risk of developing symptoms of PMS and this relationship was modified by age. Further studies in Cameroon and other sub-Saharan African countries are required to understand this relationship.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral contraceptive use and premenstrual syndrome among sexually active female university students in Cameroon

Akoku

Vukugah

Tihnje³

et al. 2020

Pan Afr Med J

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“…In humans, estrogen therapy is used to treat post-partum depression ( Moses-Kolko et al, 2009 ), as well as mood symptoms during menopause ( Toffol et al, 2015 ). Furthermore, oral contraceptives containing the potent estrogen ethinyl-estradiol are used in the treatment of pre-menstrual dysphoric symptoms (for review see Lete and Lapuente, 2016 ). These effects may be mediated via ER-dependent hippocampal actions, since bilateral injection of 17β-estradiol into the dorsal hippocampus has been shown to be anxiolytic ( Walf and Frye, 2006 ; Walf et al, 2006 ; Frye and Rhodes, 2002 ).…”

Section: Effects Of Sex Steroids On the Hippocampus – Behavioral Implmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurobiological mechanisms underlying sex-related differences in stress-related disorders: Effects of neuroactive steroids on the hippocampus

Hillerer

Slattery

Pletzer

2019

Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology

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Men and women differ in their vulnerability to a variety of stress-related illnesses, but the underlying neurobiological mechanisms are not well understood. This is likely due to a comparative dearth of neurobiological studies that assess male and female rodents at the same time, while human neuroimaging studies often don’t model sex as a variable of interest. These sex differences are often attributed to the actions of sex hormones, i.e. estrogens, progestogens and androgens. In this review, we summarize the results on sex hormone actions in the hippocampus and seek to bridge the gap between animal models and findings in humans. However, while effects of sex hormones on the hippocampus are largely consistent in animals and humans, methodological differences challenge the comparability of animal and human studies on stress effects. We summarise our current understanding of the neurobiological mechanisms that underlie sex-related differences in behavior and discuss implications for stress-related illnesses.

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“…Further pharmacological treatments include medications that address the body’s hormonal activity, i.e. oral contraceptives [11] or gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists [12]. However, the medication used is often associated with substantial side effects, such as nausea, asthenia, and headache [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Internet-Based Cognitive-Behavioural Intervention for Women with Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Weise

Kaiser

Janda

et al. 2019

Psychother Psychosom

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Background: Given the high prevalence of clinically relevant premenstrual symptoms and the associated impairment, there is a need for effective treatments. Initial evidence suggests cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) as an effective treatment for premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD). The aim of the current randomized clinical trial was to evaluate an Internet-based CBT (iCBT) to reduce the burden of PMDD. Methods: In all, 174 women with PMDD were recruited via newspaper articles, flyers, and social media. They were randomized to a treatment group (TG; n = 86) or waitlist control group (CG; n = 88). Women of the TG received an 8-week therapist-guided iCBT. Data were assessed before and after treatment/waiting, and 6 months after intervention with prospective symptom diaries and questionnaires in the premenstrual phase. Treatment effects and moderators were analysed using hierarchical linear modelling. Results: Significant time × group interaction effects on functional impairment and psychological impairment, impact on everyday life, symptom intensity, and symptom disability in favour of the TG indicated the efficacy of the treatment. Follow-up assessments demonstrated treatment effects to be stable until 6 months after treatment. Additionally, significant interactions with moderator variables were found. In the TG, higher levels of active coping and lower levels of support-seeking coping were associated with stronger improvement in interference in everyday life and symptom intensity. In addition, lower levels of perceived stress were associated with stronger improvement in functional impairment. Conclusion: The iCBT was highly effective in reducing the burden of PMDD. It appears to be particularly important to address coping styles and stress management in the treatment.

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Contraceptive options for women with premenstrual dysphoric disorder: current insights and a narrative review

Cited by 21 publications

References 54 publications

Oral contraceptive use and premenstrual syndrome among sexually active female university students in Cameroon

Oral contraceptive use and premenstrual syndrome among sexually active female university students in Cameroon

Neurobiological mechanisms underlying sex-related differences in stress-related disorders: Effects of neuroactive steroids on the hippocampus

Internet-Based Cognitive-Behavioural Intervention for Women with Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder: A Randomized Controlled Trial

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