Contraception for the Adolescent Patient

Truehart, Amber; Whitaker, Amy K.

doi:10.1097/ogx.0000000000000168

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Among women in their 20s, medium- and long-term reversible methods prevail (injectable contraceptives, implants and intra-uterine device). Female and male sterilization increase from the age of 30 onwards 14 , 21 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of and access to oral and injectable contraceptives in Brazil

et al. 2016

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OBJECTIVE To analyze the prevalence of current use of oral and injectable contraceptives by Brazilian women, according to demographic and socioeconomic variables and issues related to access to those medicines.METHODS A cross-sectional, population-based analytical study with probability sampling based on data from the Pesquisa Nacional sobre Acesso, Utilização e Promoção do Uso Racional de Medicamentos (PNAUM – National Survey on Access, Use and Promotion of Rational Use of Medicines), carried out between September 2013 and February 2014 in 20,404 Brazilian urban households. Prevalence was calculated based on reports from non-pregnant women aged 15-49 on the use of oral or injectable contraceptives. The independent variables were gender, age, level of education, socioeconomic class, Brazilian region and marital status. Also analyzed were access, means of payment, sources, and reported medicines. Statistical analyses considered 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) and Pearson Chi-square test to evaluate the statistical significance of differences between groups, considering a 5% significance level.RESULTS Prevalence of use was 28.2% for oral contraceptives (OC) and 4.5% for injectable contraceptives (IC). The highest prevalence of oral contraceptives was in the South region (37.5%) and the lowest in the North region (15.7%). For injectable contraceptives there was no difference between regions. Access was higher for oral contraceptive users (90.7%) than injectable contraceptives users (81.2%), as was direct payment (OC 78.1%, IC 58.0%). Users who paid for contraceptives acquired them at retail pharmacies (OC 95.0% and IC 86.6%) and at Farmácia Popular (Popular Pharmacy Program) (OC 4.8% and IC 12.7%). Free of charge contraceptives were mostly obtained from the Brazilian Unified Health System – SUS (OC 86.7%; IC 96.0%). Free samples were reported by 10.4% of users who did not pay for oral contraceptives. Most of paying users did not try to obtain contraceptives from SUS. Monophasic combined oral contraceptives were the most frequently reported (71.6%) and low-level levonorgestrel + ethinylestradiol combination accounted for 38.7% of them. The most frequently reported medicines are included in the Relação Nacional de Medicamentos Essenciais (RENAME – National List of Essential Medicines.CONCLUSIONS Most women aged 15 to 49 who reported using contraceptives had access to the medicine and use monophasic combined oral contraceptives of appropriate efficiency and safety purchased by direct payment, mainly from retail pharmacies.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of and access to oral and injectable contraceptives in Brazil

et al. 2016

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“…El 26 % (13 estudios) (4,6,8,17,18,20,21,24,27,29,35,47,48) proponen realizar intervención de factores psicosociales y una adecuada cobertura y aseguramiento al sistema de salud, ya que las adolescen-tes sin afiliación al sistema de salud se encuentran con mayor exposición a un embarazo no deseado que las adolescentes que tienen afiliación al sistema de salud, inclusión escolar, red de apoyo social, red de atención fuera de la familia, mayor implicación de profesionales de atención primaria.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Los estudios realizados y desarrollados en EE. UU., si bien es cierto que analizan el problema del embarazo en adolescentes desde los diferentes puntos de vista biopsicosocial, educativo y de políticas públicas orientadas en salud sexual y reproductiva; también señalan deficiencias que se deben corregir en el ámbito de los programas de planificación familiar para lograr atenuar el problema con el conocimiento, la socialización e implementación de los métodos de contracepción1, (2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8). Igualmente, en Puerto Rico la contracepción es vista como la clave para prevenir embarazos no deseados, sin dejar de lado aspectos psicosociales, económicos y servicios de salud (45).…”

Section: Conclusionesunclassified