Contraception and Lactation

King, Joyce

doi:10.1016/j.jmwh.2007.08.012

Cited by 27 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The often called 'mini pill' contains progesterone only, 18 and is recommended during breastfeeding as oestrogen reduces the amount of breast milk. 19 With the purpose of improving the knowledge of the relationship between HRT and OC exposure and risk of OAC, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis. …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Hormone Replacement Therapy and Oral Contraceptives and Risk of Oesophageal Adenocarcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Lagergren

Brusselaers

2015

International Journal of Epidemiology

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There is an unexplained strong male predominance in the aetiology of oesophageal adenocarcinoma (OAC). The hypothesis that oestrogens are protective, deserves attention. A potential protective influence of exogenous oestrogen exposure, that is, hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and oral contraceptives (OC) has been addressed only in studies of limited statistical power, and the individual studies have not provided conclusive results. We conducted a systematic literature search and meta-analysis on HRT and OC and the risk of OAC. We used the databases PubMed and the Web of Science. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated by the Mantel-Haenszel random-effect method. A total of five studies were included. Compared to never users, ever users of HRT had a statistically significantly decreased risk of OAC (pooled OR 5 0.75; 95% CI: 0.58-0.98), and ever users of OC had a borderline significantly decreased risk of this cancer (pooled OR 5 0.76; 95% CI: 0.57-1.00). In conclusion, HRT and OC use seems to be associated with a decreased risk of OAC. However, further research is warranted.Oesophageal adenocarcinoma (OAC) is up to nine times more common in men than women, yet the reasons behind this pattern remain unclear. 1,2 Gastro-oesophageal reflux and high body mass index (BMI), the two main risk factors for OAC, seem to influence the risk of developing OAC similarly in both genders, and might not explain the male predominance. [3][4][5][6] The typical male fat distribution, with mainly abdominal adiposity, is a stronger risk factor for OAC than BMI alone, 7 but it is uncertain if this exposure contributes the sex ratio of OAC. 8 It has also been hypothesised that female sex hormones, mainly oestrogen, are protective. This oestrogen hypothesis is supported by a 20-year delay in the onset of OAC in women compared to men, 9 and a particularly high male-to-female ratio during women's reproductive years. 10 Individual investigations of the potential role of exogenous hormonal therapy in women, including hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and oral contraceptives (OC), in the aetiology of OAC have failed to provide conclusive results. 11-15 The low incidence of OAC in women has hampered the statistical precision in the available studies. HRT is used to mitigate discomfort caused by decreased levels of circulating oestrogen and progesterone after menopause. Combined HRT includes both oestrogens and progesterone, and is recommended to women with an intact uterus, as it counteracts endometrial hyperplasia associated with oestrogen therapy. Oestrogen only HRT is recommended to women who have undergone hysterectomy. 16,17 The most commonly used OCs contain both oestrogen and progesterone. The often called 'mini pill' contains progesterone only, 18 and is recommended during breastfeeding as oestrogen reduces the amount of breast milk. 19 With the purpose of improving the knowledge of the relationship between HRT and OC exposure and risk of OAC, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis. Material a...

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Hormone Replacement Therapy and Oral Contraceptives and Risk of Oesophageal Adenocarcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Lagergren

Brusselaers

2015

International Journal of Epidemiology

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“…Efektivitas yang tinggi dan pemanfaatan jangka panjang menjadikan metode kontrasepsi ini aman bagi ibu menyusui. 1 Beberapa penelitian menemukan bukti kuat bahwa metode amenore laktasi efektif sebagai metode kontrasepsi postpartum dan menyusui serta faktor utama yang memengaruhi kesuburan. Menyusui dengan durasi yang penuh selama amenore laktasi setara dengan proteksi kehamilan sekitar 98% pada enam bulan pertama postpartum.…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

“…Pemberian ASI eksklusif menjamin kesinambungan sekresi prolaktin yang merupakan hormon antagonis terhadap ovulasi. 1 Perilaku pemberian ASI dipengaruhi oleh faktor predisposisi, pendukung, dan pendorong. Faktor predisposisi meliputi pengetahuan, kepercayaan, nilai, dan sikap berhubungan dengan motivasi individu yang merupakan kelompok dalam masyarakat.…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

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Konseling Postpartum dan Penerapan Metode Kontrasepsi Amenore Laktasi

Mulyani

Wiryanto

Ropitasari

2012

Kesmas: National Public Health Journal

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AbstrakKeberhasilan metode amenore laktasi yang merupakan metode kontrasepsi efektif wanita menyusui tergantung pada pemberian air susu ibu (ASI) secara eksklusif. Konseling postpartum diperlukan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan tentang metode kontrasepsi postpartum. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menilai hubungan konseling postpartum dan penerapan metode kontrasepsi amenore laktasi setelah mengendalikan pengaruh variabel paritas, status pekerjaan, dukungan petugas kesehatan, dan dukungan keluarga. Penelitian observasional ini menggunakan rancangan cross sectional dengan pendekatan kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Subjek penelitian adalah ibu yang mempunyai bayi usia 7 -12 bulan dan memberikan ASI eksklusif. Hubungan antara variabel penelitian dianalisis dengan regresi logistik multivariat dengan chi square, kekuatan hubungan dihitung dengan rasio prevalens dan 95% convidence interval odds ratio. Ditemukan hubungan yang bermakna antara konseling postpartum dengan penerapan kontrasepsi metode amenore laktasi setelah mengontrol variabel paritas, status pekerjaan, dukungan petugas kesehatan, dan dukungan keluarga. Konseling tersebut berkontribusi sekitar 24% pada penerapan kontrasepsi metode amenore laktasi. Responden mendapatkan konseling dan dukungan petugas kesehatan tentang ASI eksklusif, tetapi kontrasepsi dengan metode amenore laktasi belum disampaikan.Kata kunci: ASI eksklusif, kontrasepsi, konseling postpartum, metode amenore laktasi Abstract Lactation amenorrheal method (LAM) is an effective contraception method for women that give exclusive breastfeeding. Postpartum counseling is important in order to improve knowledge about LAM as postpartum contraception method. The objective of this research is to measure the relationship between postpartum counseling and lactation amenorrheal method after being controlled parity, work status, health care staff support, and family support. This observational research using cross sectional design with quantitative and qualitative approach. Subject of the study were mother who has 7 -12 months infant breasfeeded exclusively. Association among variables were analyzed using chi square, strength association was measured using prevalence ratio of 95% convidence interval odds ratio. Multivariate analysis used logistic regression technique. The result of logistic regression analysis showed there was significant association between postpartum counseling and LAM contraception with the control of variables of parity, occupational status, health staff support and the family that contributed 24% in the implementation of LAM contraception. The result of indepth interview showed that postpartum mother got counseling and support from health staff about exsclusive breastfeeding and is not knowledge about LAM as postpartum contraception method.

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“…Cette position est partagée par d'autres auteurs français [46][47][48]. Il n'existe, en effet, à ce jour aucune preuve valable justifiant la restriction d'utilisation des estroprogestatifs minidosés chez une femme qui allaite [49]. Néanmoins, par mesure de précaution, en attendant plus d'études spécifiques pour prouver l'innocuité de la pilule estroprogestative chez les femme qui allaitent.…”

Section: Formes Oralesunclassified