Contour identification with pitch and loudness cues using cochlear implants

Luo, Xin; Masterson, Megan E.; Wu, Ching Chih

doi:10.1121/1.4832915

Cited by 13 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Also, because of the coarse spectral and temporal resolution of the artificial electric stimulation, pitch discrimination in CI users is relatively poor, and it is reasonable to assume that CI users may place greater weight on loudness cues during contour perception tasks than NH listeners. This has been supported by several previous CI studies, both for musical melodies [6,11] and Mandarin tone contours [8,12] using either explicit loudness contour manipulation [6,8] or implicit manipulation of loudness-related acoustic cues [11,12]. Here we build on these studies and examine the weighting of loudness contour and pitch contour cues by Mandarin-speaking CI users on in lexical tone perception.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 53%

“…However, pitch is not the only dimension along which the auditory brain can perceive variations from low to high. Loudness and timbre variation over time can also be perceived as contours [6,7]. Nevertheless, in NH listeners, loudness contours and timbre contours have much less influence than pitch variation on Mandarin tone or musical melody perception, as demonstrated in studies using constant-pitch [7], degradedpitch [8], whisper [9], or inharmonicity [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Weighting Pitch Contour and Loudness Contour in Mandarin Tone Perception in Cochlear Implant Listeners

Meng

Zheng

Mishra³

et al. 2018

Interspeech 2018

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Previous investigations found that loudness-contours within individual Mandarin monosyllables can drive categorical perception of Mandarin tone for cochlear implant (CI) users, while in normal hearing (NH) subjects the pitch contour is phonologically acknowledged to be the dominant cue. Here we further examine the weighting strategy of pitch induced and loudness induced contour identification on Mandarin tone perception by CI users. Twenty-seven versions of the disyllabic utterance /Lao3 Shi/ with orthogonally manipulated loudnesscontour and pitch-contour of the voiced portion of the second monosyllable /Shi/ served as the stimuli to both CI and NH subjects. In Mandarin, if /Shi/ is pronounced with high-flatpitched Tone 1 the word means "teacher", with rising Tone 2 it means "well-behaved", or with falling Tone 4 it means "always". CI users generally had poorer word-recognition scores and their inter-subject variance was large. While NH subjects recognized tone reliably based on pitch-contour, half of the CI users relied on pitch-contour, the other half on loudness-contour, implying systematic differences in pitch coding in their CI processing. This paradigm of orthogonal manipulation of pitch and loudness contours could be developed into improved audiometric tests of Mandarin tone perception and pitch coding with CIs.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 53%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Weighting Pitch Contour and Loudness Contour in Mandarin Tone Perception in Cochlear Implant Listeners

Meng

Zheng

Mishra³

et al. 2018

Interspeech 2018

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“…1 for examples). That is, temporal pitch cues may be degraded while place pitch cues may be enhanced with higher F0s (Singh et al, 2009;Luo et al, 2014). The data of individual CI users in Fig.…”

Section: A Basic Pitch Ranking and Melodic Interval Rankingmentioning

confidence: 97%

Melodic interval perception by normal-hearing listeners and cochlear implant users

Luo

Masterson

2014

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

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The perception of melodic intervals (sequential pitch differences) is essential to music perception. This study tested melodic interval perception in normal-hearing (NH) listeners and cochlear implant (CI) users. Melodic interval ranking was tested using an adaptive procedure. CI users had slightly higher interval ranking thresholds than NH listeners. Both groups' interval ranking thresholds, although not affected by root note, significantly increased with standard interval size and were higher for descending intervals than for ascending intervals. The pitch direction effect may be due to a procedural artifact or a difference in central processing. In another test, familiar melodies were played with all the intervals scaled by a single factor. Subjects rated how in tune the melodies were and adjusted the scaling factor until the melodies sounded the most in tune. CI users had lower final interval ratings and less change in interval rating as a function of scaling factor than NH listeners. For CI users, the root-mean-square error of the final scaling factors and the width of the interval rating function were significantly correlated with the average ranking threshold for ascending rather than descending intervals, suggesting that CI users may have focused on ascending intervals when rating and adjusting the melodies.

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“…Previous studies have also suggested that melodic contours could be used as assessment stimuli for perceptual and cognitive dysfunctions. For example, a clinical application has been applied for cochlear implant (CI) problems ( Galvin et al, 2008 , 2009 ; Loui et al, 2008 ; Luo et al, 2014a , b ). The general findings were that contour recognition and timbre perception are key in dictating auditory impairment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The instrumental timbre provides a perceptual cue to segregate and/or integrate multi-layered streams of music, while voice timbre plays the same role in conversation against other environmental noises and/or among a crowd ( Broadbent, 1958 ; Bregman, 1999 ). That is, one can employ diverse and subtle acoustic features, such as loudness, pitch, and timbre, to differentiate the target sound from the distracting sounds ( Allen et al, 2011 ; Best et al, 2011 ; Luo et al, 2014a , b ). Previous research ( Janata, 2005 ; Jeong and Lesiuk, 2011 ) has claimed that, when given in a polyphonic texture, the melodic CIT can mimic the nature of real-world auditory surroundings in which environmental sounds, speech and music are simultaneously heard.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Melodic Contour Identification Reflects the Cognitive Threshold of Aging

Jeong

Ryu

2016

Front. Aging Neurosci.

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Cognitive decline is a natural phenomenon of aging. Although there exists a consensus that sensitivity to acoustic features of music is associated with such decline, no solid evidence has yet shown that structural elements and contexts of music explain this loss of cognitive performance. This study examined the extent and the type of cognitive decline that is related to the contour identification task (CIT) using tones with different pitches (i.e., melodic contours). Both younger and older adult groups participated in the CIT given in three listening conditions (i.e., focused, selective, and alternating). Behavioral data (accuracy and response times) and hemodynamic reactions were measured using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). Our findings showed cognitive declines in the older adult group but with a subtle difference from the younger adult group. The accuracy of the melodic CITs given in the target-like distraction task (CIT2) was significantly lower than that in the environmental noise (CIT1) condition in the older adult group, indicating that CIT2 may be a benchmark test for age-specific cognitive decline. The fNIRS findings also agreed with this interpretation, revealing significant increases in oxygenated hemoglobin (oxyHb) concentration in the younger (p < 0.05 for Δpre - on task; p < 0.01 for Δon – post task) rather than the older adult group (n.s for Δpre - on task; n.s for Δon – post task). We further concluded that the oxyHb difference was present in the brain regions near the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Taken together, these findings suggest that CIT2 (i.e., the melodic contour task in the target-like distraction) is an optimized task that could indicate the degree and type of age-related cognitive decline.

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Contour identification with pitch and loudness cues using cochlear implants

Cited by 13 publications

References 9 publications

Weighting Pitch Contour and Loudness Contour in Mandarin Tone Perception in Cochlear Implant Listeners

Weighting Pitch Contour and Loudness Contour in Mandarin Tone Perception in Cochlear Implant Listeners

Melodic interval perception by normal-hearing listeners and cochlear implant users

Melodic Contour Identification Reflects the Cognitive Threshold of Aging

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