Continuum modelling of pedestrian flows: From microscopic principles to self-organised macroscopic phenomena

Hoogendoorn, Serge P.; Wageningen-Kessels, Femke van; Daamen, Winnie; Duives, Dorine C.

doi:10.1016/j.physa.2014.07.050

Cited by 81 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…For the proposed model, we assume that the speed u d = || v d || satisfies (Hoogendoorn et al (2014)):…”

Section: Conservation Of Pedestrian Equation and Equilibrium Speedmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We first present the generic multi-class model specification, including the specification of the global and the local route choice model. We next briefly recall the work presented in Hoogendoorn et al (2014), where we derived a local route choice model from microscopic pedestrian interaction models, and show how this is a special case of the model presented here. Next, we further specify the local route choice model, including both crowdedness and delay factors.…”

Section: Local Value Function Definition and Applicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In section 4 we introduce the local route choice model and show how it generalises the model presented in Hoogendoorn et al (2014). In section 5 we apply simulations to show that the model reproduces some important phenomena, such as lane and stripe formation, and we illustrate the influence of the model parameters on the simulation results.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Continuum Theory for Pedestrian Traffic Flow: Local Route Choice Modelling and its Implications

Hoogendoorn

Wageningen-Kessels

Daamen

et al. 2015

Transportation Research Procedia

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This contribution puts forward a novel multi-class continuum model that captures some of the key dynamic features of pedestrian flows. It considers route choice behaviour on both the strategic (pre-trip) and tactical (en-route) level. To achieve this, we put forward a class-specific equilibrium direction relation of the pedestrians, which is governed by two parts: one part describing the global route choice, which is pre-determined based on the expectations of the pedestrians, and one part describing the local route choice, which is a density-gradient dependent term that reflects local adaptations based on prevailing flow conditions.Including the local route choice term in the multi-class model causes first of all dispersion of the flow: pedestrians will move away from high density areas in order to reduce their overall walking costs. Second of all, for the crossing flow and bi-directional flow cases, local route choice causes well known self-organised patterns to emerge (i.e. diagonal stripes and bi-directional lanes). We study under which demand conditions self-organisation occurs and fails, as well as what the impact is of the choices of the different model parameters. In particular, the differences in the weights reflecting the impact of the own and the other classes appear to have a very strong impact on the self-organisation process.

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“…For the proposed model, we assume that the speed u d = || v d || satisfies (Hoogendoorn et al (2014)):…”

Section: Conservation Of Pedestrian Equation and Equilibrium Speedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Local Value Function Definition and Applicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Continuum Theory for Pedestrian Traffic Flow: Local Route Choice Modelling and its Implications

Hoogendoorn

Wageningen-Kessels

Daamen

et al. 2015

Transportation Research Procedia

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“…Jiang et al [14,15] considered the density of the crowd ahead and walking time, from which they obtained global and local travel costs. Hoogendoorn and Duives [16,17] derived from Hughes's study and integrated a social force microscopic model into the continuum model to simulate some complex self-organization phenomena. They added the interaction of crowds with different destinations, which is only used in the microscopic model, to simulate crowd dispersal, and bidirectional and cross flow for successful sensitivity analysis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cluster Risk of Walking Scenarios Based on Macroscopic Flow Model and Crowding Force Analysis

Zhou

Feng

et al. 2018

Sustainability

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Abstract:In recent years, accidents always happen in confined space such as metro stations because of congestion. Various researchers investigated the patterns of dense crowd behaviors in different scenarios via simulations or experiments and proposed methods for avoiding accidents. In this study, a classic continuum macroscopic model was applied to simulate the crowded pedestrian flow in typical scenarios such as at bottlenecks or with an obstacle. The Lax-Wendroff finite difference scheme and artificial viscosity filtering method were used to discretize the model to identify high-density risk areas. Furthermore, we introduced a contact crowding force test of the interactions among pedestrians at bottlenecks. Results revealed that in the most dangerous area, the individual on the corner position bears the maximum pressure in such scenarios is 90.2 N, and there is an approximate exponential relationship between crowding force and density indicated by our data. The results and findings presented in this paper can facilitate more reasonable and precise simulation models by utilizing crowding force and crowd density and ensure the safety of pedestrians in high-density scenarios.

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“…Hughes [12] was the first to employ a continuous potential field approach to depict crowd movement. Then hydrodynamic principles have been adopted to develop simulation models by some researchers [13][14][15][16][17]. However, macroscopic approaches are difficult to generate fine-grain simulation results to discover individual diversities, since individual characteristics are not involved.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A fuzzy-theory-based behavioral model for studying pedestrian evacuation from a single-exit room

Song

2016

Physics Letters A

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Continuum modelling of pedestrian flows: From microscopic principles to self-organised macroscopic phenomena

Cited by 81 publications

References 23 publications

Continuum Theory for Pedestrian Traffic Flow: Local Route Choice Modelling and its Implications

Continuum Theory for Pedestrian Traffic Flow: Local Route Choice Modelling and its Implications

Cluster Risk of Walking Scenarios Based on Macroscopic Flow Model and Crowding Force Analysis

A fuzzy-theory-based behavioral model for studying pedestrian evacuation from a single-exit room

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