Continuous wave channel waveguide lasers in Nd:LuVO_4 fabricated by direct femtosecond laser writing

Abstract

Buried channel waveguides in Nd:LuVO<4 were fabricated by femtosecond laser writing with the double-line technique. The photoluminescence properties of the bulk materials were found to be well preserved within the waveguide core region. Continuous-wave laser oscillation at 1066.4 nm was observed from the waveguide under ~809 nm optical excitation, with the absorbed pump power at threshold and laser slope efficiency of 98 mW and 14%, respectively.

Optical waveguides in crystalline dielectric materials produced by femtosecond‐laser micromachining

“…This paves an efficient way to manufacture high‐quality vanadate waveguides by fs‐laser micromachining. Similar results were obtained in Nd:LuVO 4 crystals .…”

“…Vanadate waveguides were also produced by ion implantation . Recent investigations prove that fs‐laser micromachining seems to be more efficient than ion‐beam techniques for vanadates . The first fs‐laser inscribed waveguides in this family was fabricated in an a ‐cut Nd:YVO 4 crystal by using the Type II dual‐line approach .…”

Femtosecond laser inscribed cladding waveguides in Nd:YAG ceramics: Fabrication, fluorescence imaging and laser performance

“…Depending on the diverse parameters of the fs laser pulses and the material properties, the fs-laser micromachined waveguides can be with directly written structures (so-called Type I waveguide with single line writing), stress-induced waveguides (Type II with double line filaments), and depressed cladding waveguides. Compared with the wide application of Type I waveguides in numerous glasses and LiNbO 3 crystal [10], and Type II waveguides in some laser crystals (e.g., Nd:YVO 4 [11], Nd:GdVO 4 [12], Nd:LuVO 4 [13], rare-earth doped YAG crystals [14][15][16][17], Nd:GGG [18]) and LiNbO 3 [10], the cladding structures receive less attention from the scientific community. The cladding waveguides could be fabricated with arbitrarily designed cross sections by using direct fs-laser irradiation.…”

Tunable, continuous-wave Ti:sapphire channel waveguide lasers written by femtosecond and picosecond laser pulses

“…Femtosecond (fs) laser machining led to the demonstration of channel waveguide lasers in various crystals, including Nd 3 [3,4]-and Yb 3 [5]-doped Y 3 Al 5 O 12 , Nd 3doped vanadates [6][7][8], Yb 3 -doped tungstates [9], SrAl 12 O 19 :Pr 3 [10], and Gd 3 Gd 5 O 12 :Nd 3 [11]. On the other hand, there are no reports in the open literature on lasers produced by picosecond (ps) pulses, although the larger stress induced in the material in this case can have implications on the waveguiding characteristics.…”