Continuous Transesterification with Acidic Ionic Liquids as Homogeneous Catalysts

Kuschnerow, J. C.; Titze-Frech, Karin; Schulz, Peter S.; Wasserscheid, Peter; Scholl, Stephan

doi:10.1002/ceat.201300369

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 14 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Therefore, only esterifications and saponifications which are not directly related to biodiesel production are covered in this section. Only about a dozen examples are known in homogeneous catalysis area, however some trans-esterification , and considerable variations in acidic ionic liquid types are known. For instance hydrophobic 1-(4-butylsulfonic)-3-octylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate [(HSO 3 ) 4 C 4 C 8 im][HSO 4 ] has been used as an efficient catalyst for esterification of oleic acid with methanol with excellent results, and some selected examples from recent applications are shown in Table .…”

Section: Applications Of Acidic Ionic Liquidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acidic Ionic Liquids

2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Ionic liquid with acidic properties is an important branch in the wide ionic liquid field and the aim of this article is to cover all aspects of these acidic ionic liquids, especially focusing on the developments in the last four years. The structural diversity and synthesis of acidic ionic liquids are discussed in the introduction sections of this review. In addition, an unambiguous classification system for various types of acidic ionic liquids is presented in the introduction. The physical properties including acidity, thermo-physical properties, ionic conductivity, spectroscopy, and computational studies on acidic ionic liquids are covered in the next sections. The final section provides a comprehensive review on applications of acidic ionic liquids in a wide array of fields including catalysis, CO2 fixation, ionogel, electrolyte, fuel-cell, membrane, biomass processing, biodiesel synthesis, desulfurization of gasoline/diesel, metal processing, and metal electrodeposition.

show abstract

Section: Applications Of Acidic Ionic Liquidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acidic Ionic Liquids

2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…These reactions can be performed using base catalysts , such as metal hydroxides, metal alkoxides, alkaline-earth oxides, and hydrotalcites. Moreover, acid catalysts − such as sulfuric, sulfonic, phosphoric, and hydrochloric acids can also be used to catalyze the transesterification reaction. Ion-exchange resin has recently received much attention because of its significant superiorities over the routine method of conducting the sequential reaction and separation. − The adsorption and kinetic parameters for the transesterification of methyl acetic with hexanol was determined under different experimental conditions using the ion-exchange resin Amberlyst-131 as the catalyst .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetic and Reactive Distillation for Acrylic Acid Synthesis via Transesterification

Zuo

et al. 2016

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Reaction distillation was firstly used for the process of acrylic acid synthesis through transesterification of methyl acrylate with acetic acid using a strongly acidic cationic exchange resin catalyst (NKC-9). Pseudo-Homogeneous (P-H) and Langmuir-Hinshelwood (L-H) heterogeneous kinetic models were presented and fitted with the experiment data obtained from batch reaction. The key factors of heterogeneous kinetic model were the four components adsorption equilibrium constants on the catalyst surface and they were determined by adsorption experiments. The activity coefficients were calculated using the NRTL method. The catalyst stability was evaluated in a fixed-bed reactor. Catalyst activity had no obviously decrease after 1000 hours running. A reactive distillation column for acrylic acid synthesis was proposed and designed with process simulation.

show abstract

“…The introduction of functionalized ionic liquids that are “task specific” − opens many new possibilities for the application of ionic liquids to liquid phase reactions, not least the incorporation of Brønsted–Lowry acidic/basic sites. Acid-functionalized ionic liquids have been demonstrated as robust catalysts for continuous esterification in a miniplant . In order to improve separation and prevent corrosion caused by liquid phase acids, it would be fortuitous to develop a heterogenized system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Acid functionalized ionic liquids have been demonstrated as robust catalysts for continuous esterification in a miniplant. 27 In order to improve separation and prevent corrosion caused by liquid phase acids, it would be fortuitous to develop a heterogenised system. The combination of functionalized ionic liquids and solid supports will give rise to a range of tunable solid acids and bases.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Recyclable Acidic Ionic Liquid Gel Catalyst for Dehydration: Comparison with an Analogous SILP Catalyst

Wang

Ulrich

Donnelly

et al. 2015

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

An acid-functionalized ionic liquid was entrapped within a silica gel to yield a recyclable liquid phase catalyst for the dehydration of rac-1-phenyl ethanol. Hot filtration tests showed that the activity was within the gel. Comparison with an analogous SILP system revealed fundamental differences in the properties and behavior of the materials.The discovery of facile ionic-liquid silica gel formation, 1,2 enabled the introduction of the first ionic liquid mediated sol-gel methods for the preparation of solid catalysts. [3][4][5] There followed a period of relatively few publications, during which ionic liquid gels were seldom investigated as catalysts. Currently, in parallel with the development of new classes of ionic liquid, and an increase in interest in softmatter, the area of ionic liquid gel catalysts has come back into focus, and new methods are emerging. This catalyst preparation methodology involves the entrapment of an ionic liquid within an inorganic oxide matrix by a gel method. At the same time a catalyst is co-entrapped, 3,[5][6][7] or, alternatively the catalytic center can be associated with the ionic liquid. 4 The worked-up material is then used as a heterogeneous catalyst. Materials consisting of an ionic liquid within a porous oxide are often referred to as ionogels. 8 These catalysts are a sub-set of the sol-gel prepared entrapped catalysts pioneered by Blum and Avnir. 9,10 In contrast to the gel-based catalysts, the related SILP catalysts, in which a heterogeneous catalyst is prepared by layering an ionic liquid on a pre-existing oxide matrix, have elicited an explosion of interest in the last ten years. Several reviews and concept articles have been published covering the method. [11][12][13][14][15][16][17] Exemplars have been demonstrated in the gaseous phase, 18 and using supercritical fluids, [19][20][21] and the application of SILP technology is at an advanced stage. The simplicity of the system enables a wide variety of matrices, ionic liquids and dopants to be screened easily. In liquid phase reactions the ease of addition and removal of the ionic liquid is potentially detrimental, and leaching can be facile.The development of supported nanoparticles catalysts by ionic-liquid assisted gel methods 3 has been recently developed further by Han and co-workers. 22 Catalysts with hierarchical pores were achievable by employing a metal salt (e.g. CaCl 2 ) initiated gelation. Doping with gold afforded a catalyst for esterification, and ruthenium catalyzed hydrogenation.The introduction of functionalized ionic liquids that are 'task specific' 23-26 opens up many new possibilities for the application of ionic liquids to liquid phase reactions, not least the incorporation of Brønsted-Lowry Acidic/Basic sites. Acid functionalized ionic liquids have been demonstrated as robust catalysts for continuous esterification in a miniplant. 27 In order to improve separation and prevent corrosion caused by liquid phase acids, it would be fortuitous to develop a heterogenised system. The combinat...

show abstract

Continuous Transesterification with Acidic Ionic Liquids as Homogeneous Catalysts

Cited by 11 publications

References 14 publications

Acidic Ionic Liquids

Acidic Ionic Liquids

Kinetic and Reactive Distillation for Acrylic Acid Synthesis via Transesterification

A Recyclable Acidic Ionic Liquid Gel Catalyst for Dehydration: Comparison with an Analogous SILP Catalyst

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About