Continuous Synthesis of Y‐Junction Carbon Nanotubes by Catalytic CVD

Su, Lian; Wang, Jiannong; Fan, Yu; Sheng, Zhao Min

doi:10.1002/cvde.200506399

Cited by 22 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…For Y-shaped CNFs, their growth mechanism is also similar to that of Y-shaped CNTs which have been proposed by some authors. Su et al [6] proposed that the formation of Y-junction CNTs was the result of changes in growth direction. They proposed that, first, carbon atoms dissolved into metal catalysts were precipitated to form initial CNTs, then because some of the synthesis conditions change, the initial CNT ceased extending, and a new CNT of a different orientation started to grow.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since the first identification of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) [1], many different microstructure CNTs, such as single-walled CNTs [2,3], double-walled CNTs [4], zigzag CNTs [5], bamboo-like CNTs [6-8], and Y-shaped CNTs [9-16], have been reported. Much research has been focused on Y-shaped CNTs for their potential applications in single-electron transistors because of their unique electrical properties [10] originating from their unique multi-branched structure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…And then the molecular junctions can be tailored to form Y-junction by controlled electron irradiation. For CVD methods, the growth mechanism of Y-junction CNTs is more complicated due to spontaneity of formation of Y-junctions, but this question has been addressed by some authors [6,15,18]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Growth of Y-shaped Carbon Nanofibers from Ethanol Flames

et al. 2008

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Y-shaped carbon nanofibers as a multi-branched carbon nanostructure have potential applications in electronic devices. In this article, we report that several types of Y-shaped carbon nanofibers are obtained from ethanol flames. These Y-shaped carbon nanofibers have different morphologies. According to our experimental results, the growth mechanism of Y-shaped carbon nanofibers has been discussed and a possible growth model of Y-shaped carbon nanofibers has been proposed.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Growth of Y-shaped Carbon Nanofibers from Ethanol Flames

et al. 2008

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“…The first synthesis of Y-junction carbon nanotubes was reported in 1995 by a catalytic arc discharge method [6]. Since then, varieties of growth techniques have been developed to synthesize Y-junction nanotubes such as Y-shaped nanochannel alumina templates in the presence of cobalt particles [7], chemical vapor deposition method (CVD) [8][9][10][11][12][13], and reduction of hydrocarbon in a stainless autoclave [14]. However, N-doped Y-junction carbon nanotubes are rarely reported so far.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth of Y-junction bamboo-shaped CNx nanotubes on GaAs substrate using single feedstock

Ghosh¹,

Subramanian²,

Afre³

et al. 2009

Applied Surface Science

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“…After this discovery, many groups reported the formation of Y-branched (Y-junction) and multi-branched CNTs prepared using various methods. The most standard methods employed for the fabrication of branched CNTs are pyrolysis and catalytic chemical vapor deposition (CVD) [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] . Four different formation processes for branched CNTs have been identified in these studies.…”

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confidence: 99%

Splitting and joining in carbon nanotube/nanoribbon/nanotetrahedron growth

Hasegawa

Kohno

2015

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.

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We report a novel phenomenon in carbon nanotube growth that results in a new carbon nanotube morphology. A carbon nanotube grown via metal nanoparticle-catalyzed chemical vapor deposition splits into two flattened nanotubes during growth and the two flattened nanotubes merge to form a ring of carbon nanotube/nanoribbon. This novel process is revealed with transmission electron microscopy observations of the carbon nanostructures. We propose that the splitting-and-joining process involves only one metal catalyst nanoparticle and a self-folding mechanism that we have named the origami mechanism to explain the process and the formation of nanoribbons and nanotetrahedra.Branching in carbon nanotube (CNT) growth was first reported by Zhou and Seraphin 1 , where CNTs grown by carbon arc-discharge appeared to have horn-like projections in three directions. This novel phenomenon aroused interest in the fundamental aspects of catalytic CNT growth and opened up new possibilities of CNT application to various devices and to nanowiring. After this discovery, many groups reported the formation of Y-branched (Y-junction) and multi-branched CNTs prepared using various methods. The most standard methods employed for the fabrication of branched CNTs are pyrolysis and catalytic chemical vapor deposition (CVD) 2-11 . Four different formation processes for branched CNTs have been identified in these studies. (i) Several CNTs can grow simultaneously from a catalyst metal nanoparticle or sequentially. (ii) A catalyst metal nanoparticle moves back into the formed CNT and a branch is formed. (iii) A catalyst metal nanoparticle is broken into fragments and each forms a branch. (iv) Catalyst nanoparticles are attached onto the surface of a trunk CNT and each catalyst particle forms a branch. There are two other methods for the fabrication of branched CNTs; welding 12-15 and the use of templates [16][17][18] . These two methods/modes are not directly related to the fundamental aspects of metal-nanoparticle-catalyzed CNT growth; therefore, they are not discussed in detail here.In the metal-nanoparticle-catalyzed growth by these four modes, branches are always formed from the CNT trunk. Only one exception can occur when the catalyst metal nanoparticle of a CNT makes arbitrary contact with another distinct CNT or catalyst metal nanoparticle and these two CNTs then merge into one 15 . In this paper, we report a novel phenomenon in the metal-nanoparticle-catalyzed growth of multi-walled CNTs, where a CNT grown from a catalyst metal nanoparticle splits into two flattened CNTs (nanoribbons) that continue to grow simultaneously from the metal nanoparticle, followed by joining of the two nanoribbons to form a single tubular or flattened CNT. This results in the formation of a closed loop. The origin of CNT splitting is attributed to a mechanism we have named the origami mechanism, in which a CNT that is expelled from a metal nanoparticle is forced to be flattened in two opposing directions 19,20 . Figure 1 shows transmission electron microscopy (T...

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Continuous Synthesis of Y‐Junction Carbon Nanotubes by Catalytic CVD

Cited by 22 publications

References 20 publications

Growth of Y-shaped Carbon Nanofibers from Ethanol Flames

Growth of Y-shaped Carbon Nanofibers from Ethanol Flames

Growth of Y-junction bamboo-shaped CNx nanotubes on GaAs substrate using single feedstock

Splitting and joining in carbon nanotube/nanoribbon/nanotetrahedron growth

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