Continuous separation of phenol from an aqueous stream using micellar-enhanced ultrafiltration(MEUF).

Ultrafiltration of Surfactant Solutions

“…Consequently, the cellulose membrane was negatively charged in contact with neutral and alkaline solutions. The conditions favor the adsorption of cationic surfactants; therefore, positive Zeta potentials were observed for cellulose dispersions in CTAB solutions irrespective of pH (3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12). Figure 8 shows that the concentration of CTAB in the permeate was equal to that in the retentate up to the surfactant concentration in the feed equal to 1 cmc.…”

Comparison of Polysulfone and Ceramic Membranes for the Separation of Phenol in Micellar-Enhanced Ultrafiltration

“…The increase of surfactant permeate concentration as pressure increases has been variously explained by micelle deformation, micelle decomposition, and high surfactant concentration close to the membrane (9,14,16,17). The opposite observation has been explained by the presieving effect that concentration polarization sometimes causes on the surfactant molecules (18,19). An irregular pattern, where the effect of the pressure either has different signs for low and high solute concentration in the bulk solution (15) or else depends on the strength of membrane-surfactant attraction, has also been reported (20).…”

Ultrafiltration of Micellar Solutions Containing Phenols

“…The high rejection of relatively hydrophilic molecules of phenol and 4-nitrophenol in CTAB micellar solutions and of phenol in SDS solutions can be caused by the high concentration of ionic surfactants in comparison to the concentrations of phenols. Thus, the rejection is different and significantly better than that observed in more dilute micellar solutions (29).…”