Continuous renal replacement therapy: understanding the foundations applied to pediatric patients

Abstract

Continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) is a well-established supportive treatment for acute kidney injury in pediatric intensive care units. Knowing its basic aspects allows a rational approach to therapy, making this therapeutic option a more adaptable treatment for individual patient. Different strategies may be used in the same child, depending on the clinical situation and the changes that may present throughout the clinical course. This article explains the physical principles, modalities of continuous renal replacement therapies, and membrane and filter characteristics in order to better understand the transmembrane transport of fluids and solutes in continuous renal replacement therapy.Abbreviations: CRRT= Continuous renal replacement therapy; SCUF = Slow continuous ultrafiltration therapies; FF = Filtration fraction; CVVH = Continuous venovenous hemofiltration; AKI = Acute kidney injury; CVVHD = Continuous venovenous hemodialysis; CVVHDF = Continuous venovenous hemodiafiltration; SLEDD = Sustained low-efficiency daily dialysis, EDDf = Extended daily dialysis with filtration, PDIRRT = Prolonged daily intermittent renal replacement therapyCitation: Obando E, López E, Montoya D, Fernández-Sarmiento J. Continuous renal replacement therapy: understanding the foundations applied to pediatric patients. Anaesth Pain & Intensive Care 2018;22 Suppl 1:S39-S45

Alcohol consumption and coping with stress in high school students at the University of Guadalajara

“…Diversos estudios señalan la relación entre afrontamiento y consumo de alcohol, destacando algunas de las estrategias de afrontamiento en esta relación; principalmente el afrontamiento improductivo y estrategias de evitación en consumidores (Muñoz-García & Arellanez-Hernández, 2015;Lara et al, 2013) y la estrategia de reducción de tensión, como un intento de sentirse mejor consumiendo alcohol (Frydenberg & Lewis 1997;Lara et al, 2013;Linage & Lucio Gómez, 2012;Moysén, et al, 2014). Un estudio realizado en Colombia encontró que, en los jóvenes consumidores, las estrategias de afrontamiento positivas más utilizadas fueron la solución de problemas (49%) y apoyo social (29%), mientras que las estrategias negativas fueron la evitación (37%), el rezo para tolerar el problema (religión, 36%) y esperar que todo pasará por sí solo (espera, 34%) (Obando et al, 2019).…”