Continuous pH Monitoring During Pretreatment of Yellow Poplar Wood Sawdust by Pressure Cooking in Water

Weil, Joseph; Brewer, Mark; Hendrickson, Rick; Sarikaya, Ayda; Ladisch, Michael R.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4612-1814-2_10

Cited by 25 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…132 Th is system is being applied to release hemicellulose sugars from corn fi ber for integration into a corn wet-milling operation, and data has been developed with corn stover. In this case, the goals are 1) to stop hemicellulose hydrolysis with formation of soluble oligomers and minimize break down to sugar monomers that are subject to subsequent degradation reactions, hurting yields and 2) to hydrate the crystalline structure of the cellulose and modify it to a form that is more accessible and susceptible to enzyme hydrolysis, thereby enhancing conversion of cellulose to glucose.…”

Section: Controlled Ph Pretreatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pretreatment: the key to unlocking low‐cost cellulosic ethanol

Yang

Wyman

2007

Biofuels Bioprod Bioref

1,344

737

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New transportation fuels are badly needed to reduce our heavy dependence on imported oil and to reduce the release of greenhouse gases that cause global climate change; cellulosic biomass is the only inexpensive resource that can be used for sustainable production of the large volumes of liquid fuels that our transportation sector has historically favored. Furthermore, biological conversion of cellulosic biomass can take advantage of the power of biotechnology to take huge strides toward making biofuels cost competitive. Ethanol production is particularly well suited to marrying this combination of need, resource, and technology. In fact, major advances have already been realized to competitively position cellulosic ethanol with corn ethanol. However, although biotechno logy presents important opportunities to achieve very low costs, pretreatment of naturally resistant cellulosic mate rials is essential if we are to achieve high yields from biological operations; this operation is projected to be the single, most expensive processing step, representing about 20% of the total cost. In addition, pretreatment has pervasive impacts on all other major operations in the overall conversion scheme from choice of feedstock through to size reduction, hydrolysis, and fermentation, and on to product recovery, residue processing, and co-product potential. A number of different pretreatments involving biological, chemical, physical, and thermal approaches have been investigated over the years, but only those that employ chemicals currently offer the high yields and low costs vital to economic success. Among the most promising are pretreatments using dilute acid, sulfur dioxide, near-neutral pH control, ammonia expansion, aqueous ammonia, and lime, with signifi cant differences among the sugar-release patterns. Although projected costs for these options are similar when applied to corn stover, a key need now is to dramatically improve our knowledge of these systems with the goal of advancing pretreatment to substantially reduce costs and to accelerate commercial applications.

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Section: Controlled Ph Pretreatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pretreatment: the key to unlocking low‐cost cellulosic ethanol

Yang

Wyman

2007

Biofuels Bioprod Bioref

1,344

737

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“…This process is accelerated by the high ion product of water. Thus, the lignin macromolecular structure can be partially degraded under hydrothermal conditions [44][45][46]. Figure 4 shows that the dealkylation of guaiacol as a main structure of lignin gives catechol, which is then hydrolyzed into phenol.…”

Section: Conversion Of Lignin and Its Derived Compounds In Supercritimentioning

confidence: 99%

Utilization of Sub and Supercritical Water Reactions in Resource Recovery of Biomass Wastes

Wahyudiono¹,

Machmudah²,

Goto³

2013

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Abstract.Recently, the utilization of sub and supercritical water has been proposed to recover waste substances from biomass. This is important not only for prevention of environmental issues, but also for rational utilization of natural resources. Sub and supercritical water treatment is one of the most effective methods for this, because water at high temperature and high pressure behaves as a reaction medium with remarkable properties. This sub and supercritical water treatment process can promote various reactions such as oxidation, hydrolysis, and dehydration. Therefore, sub and supercritical water can be used for the conversion of organic wastes to useful chemical compounds, as well as for oxidizing hazardous waste into CO2 or harmless compounds. This paper presents the concepts of sub and supercritical water and their application in organic waste recycling at temperatures of 423 -673 K for substances such as lignin and its derived compounds.

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“…By keeping the pH between 4 and 7 the autocatalytic formation of fermentation inhibitors are avoided during the fractionation [34,139,140]. If catalytic degradation of sugars occurs it results in a series of reactions that are difficult to control and result in undesirable side products.…”

Section: Liquid Hot Water (Lhw) Fractionationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lignocelluloses Feedstock Biorefinery as Petrorefinery Substitutes

Cheng¹,

Wang²

2013

Biomass Now - Sustainable Growth and Use

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Lignocelluloses Feedstock Biorefinery as Petrorefinery Substitutes 349The LCF Biorefinery is a promising alternative due to the abundance and variety of available raw materials and the good position of the conversion products on the market [14]. Its profitability is also dependent on the technology employed to alter the structure of lignocellulosic biomass in order to produce high value co-products from its three main fractions i.e. cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin [15].Currently the main feedstock for biorefineries is still based on starch. The practiced technologies in fuel ethanol industry are primarily based on the fermentation of sugars derived from starch and sugar crops, which are quite mature with little possibility of process improvements. However, using starch and sugar crops to produce ethanol also has been questioned since it draws its feedstock from a food stream. Lignocellulosic biomass is a more promising renewable resource as it is available in large quantities and does not compete with food or feed. Lignocellulosic biomass is a renewable resource that stores energy from sunlight in its chemical bonds, with great potentials for the production of affordable fuel ethanol [16,17]. Its main obstacle for a major breakthrough is the high production costs for bioenergy products.On the other hand, lignocellulosic biomass-derived products can significantly reduce green house gas emissions, compared to fossil-based products. Also, many common petrochemicals could be obtained with lower green house gas emissions from bio-based feedstocks. The maturity and economics of the conversion processes and logistics is a major challenge for lignocellulosic biomass [18].

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Continuous pH Monitoring During Pretreatment of Yellow Poplar Wood Sawdust by Pressure Cooking in Water

Cited by 25 publications

References 7 publications

Pretreatment: the key to unlocking low‐cost cellulosic ethanol

Pretreatment: the key to unlocking low‐cost cellulosic ethanol

Utilization of Sub and Supercritical Water Reactions in Resource Recovery of Biomass Wastes

Lignocelluloses Feedstock Biorefinery as Petrorefinery Substitutes

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