Continuous Monitoring of Inflammation Biomarkers During Simulated Cardiopulmonary Bypass Using a Microfluidic Immunoassay Device—A Pilot Study

Abstract

This work demonstrates the use of a continuous online monitoring system for tracking systemic inflammation biomarkers during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) procedures. The ability to monitor inflammation biomarkers during CPB will allow surgical teams to actively treat inflammation and reduce harmful effects on postoperative morbidity and mortality, enabling improved patient outcomes. A microfluidic device has been designed which allows automation of the individual processing steps of a microbead immunoassay to allow continuous tracking of antigen concentrations. Preliminary experiments have demonstrated that the results produced by the micro-immunoassay are comparable to results produced from a standard ELISA (r=0.98). Additionally, integration of the assay with a simulated CPB circuit has been demonstrated with temporal tracking of C3a concentrations within blood continuously sampled from the circuit. The presented work describes the motivation, design challenges, and preliminary experimental results of this project.

Phaseguide assisted liquid lamination for magnetic particle-based assays

“…[12][13][14][15][16] However, by generating multilaminar flow streams in a microfluidic chamber, consisting of alternating streams of reagents and washing solutions, particles can be deflected consecutively through each stream, thus performing sequential reactions/binding events. [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] This concept can also be flipped, in that rather than deflecting magnetic particles through continuously flowing streams of solutions via a fixed magnet, they are instead pulled by a moving magnet through static solutions. These principles can be observed in some droplet-based systems, in which aqueous droplets containing samples, reagents, and buffers are immersed in an immiscible phase such as oil [25][26][27][28][29] or air, [30][31][32][33] and a magnet used to move particles between the droplets.…”

3D biosensors in advanced medical diagnostics of high mortality diseases

“…Then, the maintenance of the activity of the immobilized probes and the matrix effect can greatly interfere with the analytical performance of the implanted biosensors. Lastly, the continuous monitoring of analytes, implies long-term stability of the biorecognition layer, a continuous dissociation of the analyte after the signaling event, and an effective storage/transmission of data values (Rogers and Boutelle, 2013;Sasso et al, 2013).…”

Immunomagnetic nanoparticle-based assays for detection of biomarkers

“…Here, the magnet works to ensure thorough mixing of the two through application of a magnetic force perpendicular to the flow of the test solution. 30, 31 Kim et al further improved the assay by retaining the same inlet system and modifying the outlets to include a magnet for separation and purification of the targeted biomarker in one outlet and the remaining solution of nontarget protein in another. 32 Apart from ensuring even mixing, microfluidic assays should also be able to preserve the detection microenvironment.…”