Continuous Insulin Treatment in the Chinese Hamster a Review

Grodsky, Gerold M.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4684-5616-5_40

Cited by 1 publication

(2 citation statements)

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“…The results show that insulin administration to the hyperglycemic CHIG hamsters normalised circulating glucose to normal within the two-week-study period. Earlier reports have demonstrated improved first-phase insulin release in diabetic Chinese hamsters of the X subline, following continuous insulin delivery by minipump for four weeks (Frankel et al, 1979;Grodsky, 1988). However, insulin treatment did not prevent or postpone onset of diabetes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…The islet defects include reduced islet innervation and intracellular insulin stores, decreased expression of GLUT 2 and defective glucose-induced cAMP and cytoplasmic Ca 2+ levels (Kohnert et al,1999;Rabinovitch et al, 1967;Lindström et al, 1996;Frankel et al, 1979). Previous findings from other laboratories have in addition shown that in diabetic Chinese hamsters, continuous insulin treatment after onset of hyperglycemia improves the first phase insulin release, but when initiated in prediabetic hamsters before evolvement of hyperglycemia, it aggravates the diabetic state with time (Grodsky 1988). However, it is not clear whether insulin can improve beta-cell function also when instituted after a longer period of hyperglycemia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Insulin treatment improves islet function in type 2 diabetic Chinese hamsters

Hehmke²,

Klöting³

et al. 2001

Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes

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To study whether normalization of hyperglycemia improves islet function in long-standing type 2 diabetes, hyperglycemic CHIG/Han subline of the genetic type 2 diabetic Chinese hamster (>15 mmol/l: n=23) were either treated with insulin implants (liberating 1 U/day) or vehicle for two weeks. Islets were isolated and incubated for 3 h in the presence of 10 mmol/l glucose with or without 0.1 mmol/l 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX). Specimens were also taken for immunocytochemical analysis of insulin cells. Glucose-stimulated insulin secretion was reduced by 83% in the vehicle-treated diabetic hamsters compared to non-diabetic controls (p<0.001). This impairment was not improved by the two-week insulin treatment. IBMX potentiated glucose-stimulated insulin secretion; this effect was markedly reduced in vehicle-treated diabetics compared to controls (p<0.001). In fact, the linear relation between IBMX-potentiated and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in controls was absent in islets from diabetic animals. The two week insulin treatment normalized this relation, although still the total insulin secretory response to IBMX and glucose was lower than in controls. Furthermore, the islet insulin content was significantly increased by the 2 week normalization of glucose and, finally, the severe degranulation and lowering of insulin staining in islet beta cells in diabetic animals were markedly improved by insulin treatment. The results suggest that two-weeks of normalization of glycemia in long-standing type 2 diabetes in non-obese Chinese hamster improves beta cell signaling induced by the cyclic AMP pathway in conjunction with improved islet insulin content and beta cell morphology.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%