Continuous Glucose Monitors as Wearable Lifestyle Behavior Change Tools in Obesity and Diabetes

Schembre, Susan M.; Liao, Yue; Jospe, Michelle R

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-53370-0_43

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 80 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In a survey of 40 people living with diabetes ( 86 ), 90% commented that CGM contributed to a healthier lifestyle, with 87% modifying food choices and 47% increasing physical activity based on CGM. Recent publications have also suggested that CGM could act as a behaviour modification tool for those with obesity ( 87 ).…”

Section: Novel Directions and A Possible Future For Cgm In Hypoglycaemiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Continuous glucose monitoring for children with hypoglycaemia: Evidence in 2023

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In 2023, childhood hypoglycaemia remains a major public health problem and significant risk factor for consequent adverse neurodevelopment. Irrespective of the underlying cause, key elements of clinical management include the detection, prediction and prevention of episodes of hypoglycaemia. These tasks are increasingly served by Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM) devices that measure subcutaneous glucose at near-continuous frequency. While the use of CGM in type 1 diabetes is well established, the evidence for widespread use in rare hypoglycaemia disorders is less than convincing. However, in the few years since our last review there have been multiple developments and increased user feedback, requiring a review of clinical application. Despite advances in device technology, point accuracy of CGM remains low for children with non-diabetes hypoglycaemia. Simple provision of CGM devices has not replicated the efficacy seen in those with diabetes and is yet to show benefit. Machine learning techniques for hypoglycaemia prevention have so far failed to demonstrate sufficient prediction accuracy for real world use even in those with diabetes. Furthermore, access to CGM globally is restricted by costs kept high by the commercially-driven speed of technical innovation. Nonetheless, the ability of CGM to digitally phenotype disease groups has led to a better understanding of natural history of disease, facilitated diagnoses and informed changes in clinical management. Large CGM datasets have prompted re-evaluation of hypoglycaemia incidence and facilitated improved trial design. Importantly, an individualised approach and focus on the behavioural determinants of hypoglycaemia has led to real world reduction in hypoglycaemia. In this state of the art review, we critically analyse the updated evidence for use of CGM in non-diabetic childhood hypoglycaemia disorders since 2020 and provide suggestions for qualified use.

show abstract

Section: Novel Directions and A Possible Future For Cgm In Hypoglycaemiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Continuous glucose monitoring for children with hypoglycaemia: Evidence in 2023

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…CGM data play an important role in diabetes management by providing valuable insights into blood glucose levels [ 46 ]. This continuous real-time information, collected every 1–15 min, is critical for individuals with diabetes [ 47 ].…”

Section: Exploring the Role Of Cgm In Physical Activity And Nutrition...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of continuous glucose monitoring in physical activity and nutrition management: perspectives on present and possible uses

Kim,

Choi,

Park

2023

Phys Act Nutr

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

[Purpose] Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) is on the rise as the prevalence of obesity and diabetes increases. This review aimed to explore the use of CGM and its potential novel applications in physical activity and nutrition management.[Methods] We searched PubMed, Web of Science, and Wiley Online Library databases using the keywords ‘continuous glucose monitor,’ ‘nutrition,’ ‘physical activity,’ and ‘numerical modeling.’[Results] Continuous blood glucose measurement is useful for individuals with obesity and diabetes. Long-term blood glucose data allow for personalized planning of nutritional composition, meal timing, and physical activity type and intensity, as well as help prevent hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia. Thus, understanding the limitations of CGM is important for its effective use.[Conclusion] CGM systems are being increasingly used to monitor and identify appropriate blood glucose controlling interventions. Blood glucose level is influenced by various factors such as nutrient composition, meal timing, physical activity, circadian rhythm, and cortisol levels. Numerical modeling can be used to analyze the complex relationship between stress, sleep, nutrition, and physical activity, which affect blood glucose levels. In future, blood glucose, sleep, and stress data will be integrated to predict appropriate lifestyle levels for blood glucose management. This integrated approach improves glucose control and overall wellbeing, potentially reducing societal costs.

show abstract

“…51 CGM data can be used as biofeedback to help support behavioral and lifestyle interventions, including portion control and both timing and quality of food consumed. 1,52 Obesity interventions can prevent or delay onset of T2D as well as other obesity-related diseases (e.g. cardiovascular disease, osteoarthritis, and worse outcomes with COVID-19) in those at risk.…”

Section: Metabolic Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Continuous Glucose Monitors by People Without Diabetes: An Idea Whose Time Has Come?

Klonoff

Nguyen

et al. 2022

J Diabetes Sci Technol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Continuous glucose monitor (CGM) systems were originally intended only for people with diabetes. Recently, there has been interest in monitoring glucose concentrations in a variety of other situations. As data accumulate to support the use of CGM systems in additional states unrelated to diabetes, the use of CGM systems is likely to increase accordingly. Methods: PubMed and Google Scholar were searched for articles about the use of CGM in individuals without diabetes. Relevant articles that included sufficient details were queried to identify what cohorts of individuals were adopting CGM use and to define trends of use. Results: Four clinical user cases were identified: (1) metabolic diseases related to diabetes with a primary dysregulation of the insulin-glucose axis, (2) metabolic diseases without a primary pathophysiologic derangement of the insulin-glucose axis, (3) health and wellness, and (4) elite athletics. Seven trends in the use of CGM systems in people without diabetes were idenfitied which pertained to both FDA-cleared medical grade products as well as anticipated future products, which may be regulated differently based on intended populations and indications for use. Conclusions: Wearing a CGM has been used not only for diabetes, but with a goal of improving glucose patterns to avoid diabetes, improving mental or physical performance, and promoting motivate healthy behavioral changes. We expect that clinicians will become increasingly aware of (1) glycemic patterns from CGM tracings that predict an increased risk of diabetes, (2) specific metabolic glucotypes from CGM tracings that predict an increased risk of diabetes, and (3) new genetic and genomic biomarkers in the future.

show abstract

Continuous Glucose Monitors as Wearable Lifestyle Behavior Change Tools in Obesity and Diabetes

Cited by 6 publications

References 80 publications

Continuous glucose monitoring for children with hypoglycaemia: Evidence in 2023

Continuous glucose monitoring for children with hypoglycaemia: Evidence in 2023

The role of continuous glucose monitoring in physical activity and nutrition management: perspectives on present and possible uses

Use of Continuous Glucose Monitors by People Without Diabetes: An Idea Whose Time Has Come?

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About