Continuous Glucose Monitoring Systems: A Review

Vashist, Sandeep Kumar

doi:10.3390/diagnostics3040385

Cited by 214 publications

(129 citation statements)

References 105 publications

(128 reference statements)

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“…Since it is only recently that any devices have even approached such performance, regulatory criteria for device approval have been more pragmatic, focusing on the hazards of incorrect readings (e.g., suboptimal treatment decisions, including improper adjustments in medication dosage, potentially increasing the frequency of both hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia) (58). Accuracy, ergonomics, and ease of use of blood glucose meters have improved dramatically over time (124)(125)(126), and the accuracy of CGM is beginning to approach that of BGM devices (113,114,(127)(128)(129)(130). However, a clinically significant variation in accuracy and precision persists among currently marketed GM devices.…”

Section: Gm Accuracy Precision and Data Display Metricsmentioning

confidence: 99%

American Association Of Clinical Endocrinologists And American College Of Endocrinology 2016 Outpatient Glucose Monitoring Consensus Statement

et al. 2016

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Section: Gm Accuracy Precision and Data Display Metricsmentioning

confidence: 99%

American Association Of Clinical Endocrinologists And American College Of Endocrinology 2016 Outpatient Glucose Monitoring Consensus Statement

et al. 2016

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“…As the presented case illustrate, this lack of consistent patterns and complexity of glycemic management results in poor glycemic control and recurrent DKA even in motivated patients. Thus, to break this vicious cycle and to address complexities of glycemic management of DM1 the logical future solution is to engage machine learning and artificial intelligence, facilitated by continuous real-time glucose monitoring, and development of closed-loop glucose management systems for women of childbearing age [12].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

23-Year-Old with Recurrent Diabetic Ketoacidosis: A Case of Catamenial Hyperglycemia

Gómez¹

2017

Ann Womens Health

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Diabetic ketoacidosis is a medical emergency with somatic and psychological implications in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1). Menstrual cycle-related glycemic change is rarely described as a precipitant of diabetic ketoacidosis. We present a case of a 23-year-old female with a history of DM1, on her second day of menstruation, who presents with diabetic ketoacidosis. In absence of other precipitating factors, examination of the time pattern of her recurrent diabetic ketoacidosis was consistent with catamenial diabetic ketoacidosis. To date, the reports of catamenial diabetic ketoacidosis are few and without consistent results. Moreover, most of the reports investigated only women with tight glycemic control. Systematic studies of catamenial hyperglycemia suggest variation in hyperglycemic patterns among individuals and even inconsistent glycemic variability patterns with consecutive cycles, making the management of catamenial hyperglycemia challenging. This case illustrates recurrent adverse outcomes (including diabetic ketoacidosis) due to complexities in DM1 management influenced by catamenial hyperglycemia. The complexity of diabetes management suggests the need of closed-loop glucose control systems that self-adjust basal insulin patterns to respond to the glucose management needs throughout menstrual cycles, which may ultimately prevent the risk for catamenial diabetic ketoacidosis, improve overall glycemic control, and reduce psychological burden of DM1.

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“…Limb threatening signs of diabetic foot include cellulitis of greater than 2 cm, lymphangitis, odour from wound, edema, ischemic changes and signs of systemic toxicity. Hospital admission should be considered and if the wound fails to heal, foot sparing reconstructive procedures should be addressed [27][28][29][30][31][32][33].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Awareness and Practices of Foot Care in Adult Diabetic Patients Attending University Hospital

Kumar¹,

Khan²,

Mobin³

2016

J Diabetes Metab

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Aim: To determine the awareness and practices of foot care in adult diabetic patients attending Dow university hospital OJHA Campus Karachi, Pakistan.Methodology: This is an observational study was conducted at National Institute of Diabetes and Endocrinology and department of medicine Dow University Hospital, Ojha Campus, Karachi, from October 2015 to December 2015. All demographic data was collected from every diabetic patient like age (years), gender, education level and details of disease and treatment, like age at first diagnosis of diabetes, duration of DM in years, medication and glycaemic control among the study participants. The awareness of diabetic foot care in diabetic patients was assessed by questionnaire. Data was entered and analyzed by using SPSS version 19.Results: Among 384 patients, 186 (48.4%) were males while 198 were females (51.6%). Between ages 22-40 were 77 patients, 41 to 60 were 245 patients and 61 to 80 were 62 patients. Mean age of individuals were 50.56+10.60. A total of 78.64% (n=302) of patients had Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, 14.58% (n=58) had Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus while 6.77% (n=26) had gestational diabetes mellitus. 35.7% (n=210) had coexisting hypertension. 126 had history of foot ulcers while 137 had history of amputation. Questions were asked regarding treatment options for diabetes and their awareness and habits about foot care. Conclusion:Regular assessment and emphasis on foot care could reduce the incidence of diabetes related foot problems bringing an era of reduced health care burden of diabetes related issues.

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Continuous Glucose Monitoring Systems: A Review

Cited by 214 publications

References 105 publications

American Association Of Clinical Endocrinologists And American College Of Endocrinology 2016 Outpatient Glucose Monitoring Consensus Statement

American Association Of Clinical Endocrinologists And American College Of Endocrinology 2016 Outpatient Glucose Monitoring Consensus Statement

23-Year-Old with Recurrent Diabetic Ketoacidosis: A Case of Catamenial Hyperglycemia

The Awareness and Practices of Foot Care in Adult Diabetic Patients Attending University Hospital

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