Continuous flow scale-up of biofunctionalized defective ZnO quantum dots: A safer inorganic ingredient for skin UV protection

Sarkar, Sayoni; Debnath, Sujit Kumar; Srivastava, Rohit; Kulkarni, Ajit R.

doi:10.1016/j.actbio.2022.05.032

Cited by 11 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Continuous flow synthesis (CFS) was employed to scale the wet chemical synthesis of E-QDs from batch to high-throughput production using a helical coil microreactor assembly. Details of the synthesis scheme adopted here were reported previously . The in-house designed and developed continuous flow platform was an assemblage of two peristaltic pumps and a stainless steel HCR clamped inside the heating chamber (customized water bath) equipped with a temperature controller (shown in Figure S1 of the Supporting Information).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Details of the synthesis scheme adopted here were reported previously. 31 The in-house designed and developed continuous flow platform was an assemblage of two peristaltic pumps and a stainless steel HCR clamped inside the heating chamber (customized water bath) equipped with a temperature controller (shown in Figure S1 of the Supporting Information). A stainless steel-T mixer was attached at the input side of the HCR, while at the output end, the sample collection vial was submerged in an ice bath.…”

Section: Fabrication Of E-qds In Thementioning

confidence: 99%

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Unleashing the Influence of High-Throughput Flow Process Optimization on Luminescent Behavior of Engineered ZnO Quantum Dots

Sarkar

Venkataramani

Srivastava

et al. 2023

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Engineered ZnO quantum dots (E-QDs) are sought-after nanostructures in healthcare and optoelectronic industries, necessitating a paradigm shift toward high-throughput continuous flow platforms, the crux to whose successful design and performance lies in comprehending the nucleation-growth kinetics, defect engineering, and reaction dynamics. This work investigates the synergistic interplay of enhanced hydrodynamics and heat–mass transfer in the helical coil reactor, fostering rapid nucleation-growth-driven E-QDs fabrication. We integrated computational fluid dynamic modeling, and comprehensive experimentation for producing E-QDs with record-high photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) (∼89% in the yellow-green spectrum) by carefully creating oxygen vacancies via a novel reproducible protocol. Dean vortices formed due to the helical geometry facilitated ultrafast mixing and accelerated reaction kinetics, yielding colloidally stable E-QDs in gram-scales [ζ = −39.7 mV, polydispersity index (PDI) ∼0.22] with a narrow particle size distribution (average particle size ∼4.5 nm). Contrastingly, the conventional batch route produced less stable E-QDs with ζ value of −15.3 mV, PDI ∼0.41, and diminished PLQY (∼40%) because of inadequate process control, batch-to-batch variability due to poor mixing, and heat transfer. The simple, economical, in-house-fabricated flow reactor manifested ∼90% increment in yield and reduced product cost. Thus, this research demonstrated the benefits of simulation-driven process engineering and reactor design in catalyzing QDs-based innovations.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Fabrication Of E-qds In Thementioning

confidence: 99%

Unleashing the Influence of High-Throughput Flow Process Optimization on Luminescent Behavior of Engineered ZnO Quantum Dots

Sarkar

Venkataramani

Srivastava

et al. 2023

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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“…Other environmentally friendly quantum dots such as ZnO quantum dots and silicon quantum dots are also widely used in the field of LSCs. , Among them, silica quantum dots are ideal emitters for LSCs due to their large reserves on earth, nontoxicity, excellent ability to inhibit reabsorption, and excellent compatibility with polymers. − ZnO quantum dots, on the other hand, are easy to prepare in solution, inexpensive, with good UV absorption and high stability, and show unique potential. − …”

Section: Single-layer Lscsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 81 − 83 ZnO quantum dots, on the other hand, are easy to prepare in solution, inexpensive, with good UV absorption and high stability, and show unique potential. 84 − 86 …”

Section: Single-layer Lscsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Achieving High-Efficiency Large-Area Luminescent Solar Concentrators

Cao

Zhao

Gong

2023

JACS Au

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Luminescent solar concentrators (LSCs) are semitransparent windows that are able to generate electricity from sunlight absorption. LSCs have shown huge promise for realizing building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPV). Unfortunately, to date, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of LSCs is still very low which dramatically hampers their practical applications. In this Perspective, We summarize and review the latest developments of LSCs by looking at different structures. Among others, we focus more on the next developments in the field of LSCs, i.e., the possibility of high PCE, large area, mass production, and durability needed for future industrial development. We hope to promote the application of uniform testing standards and to draw attention to industrial development, toxicity, and durability. Then, we will provide a critical assessment of the field of LSCs. Finally, the challenge and solution will be discussed.

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“… 6 Sarkar et al reported that luminescent defect-engineered ZnO QDs have potential as a new, safe, and economical multifunctional active ingredient for skin UV protection. 7 ZnO QDs was also used to fabricated gas sensor for NO 2 and methanol detection. 8 , 9 Moreover, ZnO QDs was reported significantly promoted tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum ) and pumpkin ( Cucurbita moschata Duch .)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proteomics and Metabolomics Analysis Reveals the Toxicity of ZnO Quantum Dots on Human SMMC-7721 Cells

Yang¹,

Wang²,

Song³

et al. 2023

IJN

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Purpose ZnO quantum dots (QDs) are composed of less toxic metals than other QDs but have the same interesting photochemical properties. Thus, they have received considerable attention recently. Nevertheless, their toxicity cannot be ignored. Methods In this study, we incubated ZnO QDs with human SMMC-7721 cells for 24 h to assess their nanotoxicity through proteomics (Fold change >1.5 and p -value <0.05) and metabolomics (Fold change ≥ 1.5; VIP ≥ 1; p -value < 0.05) analyses. Results Both of 174 and 219 significantly changed metabolites were identified in human SMMC-7721 cells treated with 20 and 50 µg/mL ZnO QDs, respectively. ZnO QDs significantly modified metabolic pathways, including purine metabolism, ferroptosis, morphine addiction, alcoholism, cGMP-PKG signaling, and Cushing syndrome. Moreover, we identified 105 and 8 differentially expressed proteins in cells treated with 20 and 50 µg/mL ZnO QDs, and the pathways of alcoholism and Cushing syndrome were enriched. Conclusion ZnO QDs did not affect cell viability in a CCK8 assay, but disturbed the level of intracellular metabolites and proteins at 20 µg/mL. The KEGG analyses of the metabolomics and proteomics data both enriched the alcoholism and Cushing syndrome pathways. These results provide an experimental basis for future research on the safe use of nanomaterials.

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Continuous flow scale-up of biofunctionalized defective ZnO quantum dots: A safer inorganic ingredient for skin UV protection

Cited by 11 publications

References 43 publications

Unleashing the Influence of High-Throughput Flow Process Optimization on Luminescent Behavior of Engineered ZnO Quantum Dots

Unleashing the Influence of High-Throughput Flow Process Optimization on Luminescent Behavior of Engineered ZnO Quantum Dots

Achieving High-Efficiency Large-Area Luminescent Solar Concentrators

Proteomics and Metabolomics Analysis Reveals the Toxicity of ZnO Quantum Dots on Human SMMC-7721 Cells

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