Continuous flow multi-step organic synthesis

Abstract

A recently developed strategy for multi-step synthesis is the use of continuous flow techniques to combine multiple synthetic steps into a single continuous operation. In this mini-review we discuss the current state of the art in this field.

One-flow syntheses of diverse heterocyclic furan chemicals directly from fructose via tandem transformation platform

“…The intrinsic advantages of the microfluidic system, such as enhanced heat transfer due to the high surface to volume ratio and efficient mixing due to the short diffusion paths, facilitate control of the C6 carbohydrates with low thermal stability. [15][16][17][18][19][20] In particular, the facile control of the retention time by varying the flow rate may prevent over-reactions from producing the unwanted black char residue. In addition, it is expected that the heterogeneous catalysts are readily immobilized in the microchannel and recycled without the loss of high stability, which eliminates the catalyst separation step.…”

One‐Flow, Multistep Synthesis of Nucleosides by Brønsted Acid‐Catalyzed Glycosylation

“…Such a telescoping strategy is a very effective tactic for truncating a multi-step synthesis, particularly when conducted in a continuous flow manner. [15] It eliminates the need for purification and isolation and allows for the dramatic changes in reaction conditions from one step to the next. [16] Typically, deprotection of perbenzoylated ribonucleosides is achieved with methanolic ammonia, however, these conditions usually require long reaction times that are generally unsuitable for continuous flow synthesis.…”

The route from problem to solution in multistep continuous flow synthesis of pharmaceutical compounds

“…Our ongoing efforts in this field 9 inspired us to summarize the difficulties concerning the integration of individually optimized chemical reactions into multistep systems, as well as common problems and their innovative solutions described in the recent literature [6][7][8][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] of API continuous flow synthesis, including analytics and purification methods.…”