Continuous fixed-bed gas-phase hydroformylation using supported ionic liquid-phase (SILP) Rh catalysts

Riisager, Anders; Wasserscheid, Peter; Hal, Roy van; Fehrmann, Rasmus

doi:10.1016/s0021-9517(03)00223-9

Cited by 252 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…27,28 Ideally, ILs in SILPs obtain a large specic surface area and mechanical properties of the support and maintain the extractive properties of ILs. This further makes SILPs suitable not only for applications in catalysis, [29][30][31][32] but also for metal ions adsorption and preconcentration. 28,[33][34][35] SILPs are classied in two groups.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recovery of scandium(iii) from diluted aqueous solutions by a supported ionic liquid phase (SILP)

2017

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The adsorption of scandium from diluted, acidic solutions by a supported ionic liquid phase (SILP) was investigated, as part of a process for recovery of scandium from bauxite residue (red mud). Both dry impregnation and covalent linking were studied for the SILP preparation. The SILP betainium sulfonyl(trifluoromethanesulfonylimide) poly(styrene-co-divinylbenzene) [Hbet-STFSI-PS-DVB] was prepared by covalent linking of the ionic liquid to the resin and this resulted in an adsorbent suitable for scandium recovery. For a chloride feed solution, the effects of pH, contact time, adsorption capacity, desorption, reusability of adsorbent and the influence of Fe(III), Al(III) and Ca(II) on the Sc(III) adsorption were studied. The adsorption of Sc(III) from nitrate and sulfate feed solution under optimal conditions was studied as well. The adsorption kinetics followed a pseudo-second order kinetic model. Equilibrium studies at room temperature showed that the experimental data could be well fitted by the Langmuir isotherm model. The stripping of Sc(III) from the loaded SILP was achieved with 1 M sulfuric acid. The SILP was stable and could be reused for seven adsorption/desorption cycles without significant losses in its adsorption efficiency for Sc(III). IntroductionScandium belongs to the group of rare-earth elements (REEs) and nds applications in aluminum alloys, halide lamps and fuel cells.1 However, it is an expensive metal with small global production volumes. Although scandium is relatively abundant in the Earth's crust (22 ppm), there are few scandium minerals and it rarely occurs in rich ore deposits. It is mainly recovered as by-product from the production of other metals (REEs, U, Ti, W, Al, Ni, Ta and Nb).2-4 Bauxite residue (red mud), the waste industrial product of the Bayer process for alumina production from bauxite ore, can contain up to 130 ppm of scandium and it is potentially a valuable scandium resource.5,6 Scandium can partially be recovered from bauxite residue by acid leaching. Typically, in this way many metal impurities go into the leachate as well and in concentrations much higher than that of scandium. 1,7,8 Liquid-liquid extraction is used for the recovery of Sc(III), 9 but it requires much higher initial concentrations of Sc(III) than the ones that can be found in the pregnant leach solutions.1 Nevertheless, for recovery of low concentrations of Sc(III) its enrichment with a selective adsorbent in high capacity ion exchange columns could be an efficient technique. Much of the research work on Sc(III) recovery by adsorption and extraction has been performed with resins, View Article OnlineView Journal | View Issue components can contaminate the aqueous effluents. 37 In the second class of SILPs there is no discrete IL phase in the structure of the solid support. Instead, the IL can be considered as a covalently anchored ligand. Covalent linking ensures that the IL will not be leached from the support. 32,40The objective of this work is to develop a stable SILP for the adsorption of Sc(III...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recovery of scandium(iii) from diluted aqueous solutions by a supported ionic liquid phase (SILP)

2017

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“…Moreover, the capability to support these catalytic species is an attractive alternative to classic use of ionic liquids, because these latter can be recycled. These SILCAs (Supported Ionic Liquids CAtalystS) are formed of different IL immobilized on several supports: active carbon cloth Virtanen et al 2007;Maki-Arvela et al 2006) or silica gel (Riisager et al 2003;Mehnert et al 2002). They may also contain metal species like rhodium (Riisager et al 2003;Mehnert et al 2002) or palladium Virtanen et al 2007;Maki-Arvela et al 2006).…”

Section: Catalytic Properties Of Il Adsorbed On Nanoparticlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After dilution of IL in an organic solvent (Komulski et al 2005;Zilkova et al 2006;Li et al 2007), it is then adsorbed on alumina nanoparticles surface. This procedure is easy to carry out and does not involve the use of metal species in opposition to other methods found in literature Virtanen et al 2007;Maki-Arvela et al 2006;Riisager et al 2003;Mehnert et al 2002). In order to evaluate the catalytic properties of our SILCAs, we chose to test them on a classic and simple reaction.…”

Section: Catalytic Properties Of Il Adsorbed On Nanoparticlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ionic Liquids from (Meth) Acrylic Compounds

Sindt¹,

Mieloszynski²,

Harmand³

2011

Ionic Liquids - Classes and Properties

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“…6 In recent years, we and other research groups have established the concept of SILP catalysis as an efficient tool for continuous gas-phase processing of immobilized transition metal catalysts. [7][8][9][10] In SILP systems, a thin film of ionic liquid containing the dissolved catalyst complex is dispersed over the large inner surface of a porous support. The ionic liquid can be fixed to the surface by either physisorption or chemisorption.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

n‐butane carbonylation to n‐pentanal using a cascade reaction of dehydrogenation and SILP‐catalyzed hydroformylation

et al. 2014

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A novel gas-phase process has been developed that allows direct two-step conversion of butane into pentanals with high activity and selectivity. The process consists of alkane dehydrogenation over a heterogeneous Cr/Al 2 O 3 catalyst followed by direct gas-phase hydroformylation using advanced supported ionic liquid phase (SILP) catalysis. The latter step uses rhodium complexes modified with the diphosphite ligands biphephos (BP) and benzopinacol to convert the butane/butene mixture from the dehydrogenation step efficiently into aldehydes. The use of the BP ligand results in improved yields of linear pentanal because SILP systems with this ligand are active for both isomerization and hydroformylation. V C 2014 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 61: [893][894][895][896][897] 2015

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Continuous fixed-bed gas-phase hydroformylation using supported ionic liquid-phase (SILP) Rh catalysts

Cited by 252 publications

References 14 publications

Recovery of scandium(iii) from diluted aqueous solutions by a supported ionic liquid phase (SILP)

Recovery of scandium(iii) from diluted aqueous solutions by a supported ionic liquid phase (SILP)

Ionic Liquids from (Meth) Acrylic Compounds

n‐butane carbonylation to n‐pentanal using a cascade reaction of dehydrogenation and SILP‐catalyzed hydroformylation

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