Continuous auditory monitoring—how much information do we register?

Craven, Rachael; McIndoe, Andrew K.

doi:10.1093/bja/83.5.747

Cited by 28 publications

(17 citation statements)

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“…In a previous simulation study of decreasing oxygen saturation, a mean response time of 32 s was found [17], compared with 12 s in ours. The response time to atrial fibrillation was previously studied between different groups, with a mean response time of 176, 39 and 31 s, respectively [21], compared with 10 s in our study.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 56%

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The effect of audible alarms on anaesthesiologists' response times to adverse events in a simulated anaesthesia environment: a randomised trial

et al. 2014

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SummaryAlarms are ubiquitous in anaesthetic practice, but their net effect on anaesthesiologists' performance and patient safety is debated. In this study, 27 anaesthesiologists performed two simulation sessions in random order; one session was programmed to include an alarm condition, with a standard, frequent, clearly audible alarm sound. During these sessions, adverse events were simulated and anaesthesiologists' response times to these events were recorded. Perceived workload was assessed with the NASA Task Load Index. Response times to adverse events and perceived workload were similar in both groups. Pooled response times to atrial fibrillation and desaturation were fast, with a median ( This study shows that in a simulated anaesthesia environment, response times to adverse events are similar in the absence or presence of an audible alarm, and that response times to various critical events differ.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 56%

“…Therefore, all participants were used to the simulation environment. Furthermore, participants in simulation sessions often expect an event to occur and therefore they tend to be very vigilant during simulation [17].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of audible alarms on anaesthesiologists' response times to adverse events in a simulated anaesthesia environment: a randomised trial

et al. 2014

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“…Using the variable pitch auditory signal of a pulse oximeter, a clinician can detect changes in a patient's heart rate and oxygen saturation level (SpO 2 ) while performing other visually demanding tasks, or when the visual display of the pulse oximeter is out of the line of sight . However, clinicians cannot accurately estimate the absolute level of SpO 2 without reference to the pulse oximeter's visual display .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effectiveness of pulse oximetry sonification enhanced with tremolo and brightness for distinguishing clinically important oxygen saturation ranges: a laboratory study

et al. 2016

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SummaryOur study examined the effectiveness of pulse oximetry sonification enhanced with acoustic tremolo and brightness to help listeners differentiate clinically relevant oxygen saturation ranges. In a series of trials lasting 30 s each, 76 undergraduate participants identified final oxygen saturation range (Target: 100% to 97%; Low: 96% to 90%; Critical: 89% and below), and detected threshold transitions into and out of the target range using conventional sonification (n = 38) or enhanced sonification (n = 38). Median (IQR [range]) accuracy for range identification with the conventional sonification was 80 (70-85 [45-95])%, whereas with the enhanced sonification it was 100 (99-100 [80-100])%; p < 0.001. Accuracy for detecting threshold transitions with the conventional sonification was 60 (50-75 [30-95])%, but with the enhanced sonification it was 100 (95-100 [75-100]%; p < 0.001. Participants can identify clinically meaningful oxygen saturation ranges and detect threshold transitions more accurately with enhanced sonification than with conventional sonification. IntroductionUsing the variable pitch auditory signal of a pulse oximeter, a clinician can detect changes in a patient's heart rate and oxygen saturation level (SpO 2 ) while performing other visually demanding tasks, or when the visual display of the pulse oximeter is out of the line of sight [1][2][3]. However, clinicians cannot accurately estimate the absolute level of SpO 2 without reference to the pulse oximeter's visual display [4]. With the additional cognitive load of other clinical tasks and increased noise, it becomes even more difficult to estimate SpO 2 levels [5].The auditory signal used by pulse oximeters is termed a 'sonification' -a continuous mapping of numerical values or relationships in patient data into comprehensible auditory dimensions [6][7][8]. The pulse oximetry sonification varies pitch alone to convey information about SpO 2 . The rate of the tones represents heart rate and rhythm, and the pitch of the tones represents SpO 2 . Current pulse oximeter sonifications rely on a clinician's ability to perceive relative pitch to infer changes in SpO 2 direction, and their ability to perceive absolute pitch to infer absolute SpO 2 levels [4,5,12,13]. Commercial pulse oximeters map linear increments of SpO 2 to either fixed or percentage increments in sound frequency (perceived as pitch); the former results in a linear mapping, whereas the latter results in a logarithmic mapping [14,15]. A logarithmic scale creates approximately equal-appearing pitch intervals [4,9,14]. Under test conditions, clinicians can identify absolute SpO 2 levels more accurately when SpO 2 is mapped to a logarithmic scale than to a linear scale [12]. However, remedies to date have generally focused on participants' ability to infer absolute SpO 2 levels (e.g. 98%) rather than clinically relevant ranges (e.g. low).In this study, we enhanced a conventional pulse oximetry sonification [14] by adding tremolo and, in extreme cases, brightness to each tone when ...

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“…Sonification also allow several metrics to be displayed simultaneously using variations in pitch, timbre, volume and period (Pollack and Ficks, 1954;Flowers, 2005). For these reasons, sonification is widely used in medicine for monitoring crucial metrics of patient health (Craven and Mcindoe, 1999; Morris and Mohacsi, 2005;Sanderson et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Earth System Music: the methodology and reach of music generated from the United Kingdom Earth System Model

Mora

Sellar

Yool

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Abstract. Scientific data is almost always represented graphically either in figures or in videos. With the ever-growing interest from the general public towards understanding climate science, it is becoming increasingly important that we present this information in ways accessible to non-experts. In this pilot study, we use time series data from the first United Kingdom Earth System model (UKESM1) to create six procedurally generated musical pieces and use them to test whether we can use music to engage with the wider community. Each of these pieces is based around a unique part of UKESM1's ocean component model, either in terms of a scientific principle or a practical aspect of modelling. In addition, each piece is arranged using a different musical progression, style and tempo. These pieces were performed by the digital piano synthesizer, TiMidity++, and were published on the lead author's YouTube channel. The videos all show the time progression of the data in time with the music and a brief description of the methodology is posted below the video. To disseminate these works, a link to each piece was published on the lead authors personal and professional social media accounts. The reach of these works was analysed using YouTube's channel monitoring toolkit for content creators, YouTube studio. In the first ninety days after the first video was published, the six pieces reached at least 251 unique viewers, and have 553 total views. We found that most of the views occurred in the fourteen days immediately after each video was published. In effect, once the concept had been demonstrated to an audience, there was reduced enthusiasm from that audience to return to it immediately. This suggests that to use music effectively as an science outreach tool, the works needs to reach new audiences or new and unique content needs to be delivered to a returning audience.

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Continuous auditory monitoring—how much information do we register?

Cited by 28 publications

References 0 publications

The effect of audible alarms on anaesthesiologists' response times to adverse events in a simulated anaesthesia environment: a randomised trial

The effect of audible alarms on anaesthesiologists' response times to adverse events in a simulated anaesthesia environment: a randomised trial

The effectiveness of pulse oximetry sonification enhanced with tremolo and brightness for distinguishing clinically important oxygen saturation ranges: a laboratory study

Earth System Music: the methodology and reach of music generated from the United Kingdom Earth System Model

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