Continuous application of inorganic and organic fertilizers over 47 years in paddy soil alters the bacterial community structure and its influence on rice production

Kumar, Upendra; Nayak, A. K.; Shahid, Mohammad; Gupta, Vadakattu V. S. R.; Panneerselvam, P.; Mohanty, S.; Kaviraj, Megha; Kumar, Anjani; Chatterjee, Dibyendu; Lal, B.; Gautam, Priyanka; Tripathi, Rahul; Panda, B.B.

doi:10.1016/j.agee.2018.04.016

Cited by 140 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…Similar to previous studies (Ji et al, 2018;Kumar et al, 2018;Wang et al, 2019), manure application significantly changed β-diversity of soil bacterial community in the current study. The PCoA analysis revealed a dominant contribution of PCoA1 (61%) to total variation and a clear separation of manure vs. non-manure groups along the axis PCoA1.…”

Section: Impact Of N Addition Strategy On the Abundance Of Functionalsupporting

confidence: 91%

Peer Review #3 of "Manure application increased denitrifying gene abundance in a drip-irrigated cotton field (v0.1)"

2019

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Application of inorganic nitrogen (N) fertilizer and manure can increase nitrous oxide (N 2 O) emissions. We tested the hypothesis that increase in N 2 O flux from soils amended with manure reflects a change in bacterial community structure and, specifically, an increase in the number of denitrifiers. To test this hypothesis, a field experiment was conducted in a drip-irrigated cotton field in an arid region of northwestern China. Treatments included plots that were not amended (Control), and plots amended with urea (Urea), animal manure (Manure) and a 50/50 mix of urea and manure (U+M). Manure was broadcastincorporated into the soil before seeding while urea was split-applied with drip irrigation (fertigation) over the growing season. The addition treatments did not, as assessed by nextgen sequencing of PCR-amplicons generated from rRNA genes in soil, affect the alpha diversity of bacterial communities but did change the beta diversity. Compared to the Control, the addition of manure (U+M and Manure) significantly increased the abundance of genes associated with nitrate reduction (narG) and denitrfication (nirK and nosZ). Manure addition (U+M and Manure) did not affect the nitrifying enzyme activity (NEA) of soil but resulted in 39-59 times greater denitrifying enzyme activity (DEA). In contrast, urea application had no impact on the abundances of nitrifier and denitrifier genes, DEA and NEA; likely due to a limitation of C availability. DEA was highly correlated (r = 0.70-0.84, P < 0.01) with the abundance of genes narG, nirK and nosZ. An increase in the abundance of these functional genes was further correlated with soil NO 3-, dissolved organic carbon, total C, and total N concentrations, and soil C:N ratio. These results demonstrated a positive relationship between the abundances of denitrifying functional genes (narG, nirK, and nosZ) and denitrification potential, suggesting that manure application increased N 2 O emission by increasing denitrification and the population of

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Section: Impact Of N Addition Strategy On the Abundance Of Functionalsupporting

confidence: 91%

Peer Review #3 of "Manure application increased denitrifying gene abundance in a drip-irrigated cotton field (v0.1)"

2019

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“…Previous studies have emphasized the importance of soil variables to bacterial communities with different fertilizer regimes. For instance, soil pH and available N significantly influence bacterial communities (Kumar et al, 2018). Similarly, another long-term fertilization study demonstrates that soil bacterial diversity and communities are shaped by changes in soil pH rather than the direct effect of nutrient addition (Zhang et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

High manure load reduces bacterial diversity and network complexity in a paddy soil under crop rotations

et al. 2020

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Long-term application of chemical fertilizers causes soil degradation and nitrogen (N) loss, but these effects could be alleviated by organic fertilizers. In addition, crop rotation is a feasible practice to increase soil fertility, soil quality and crop yields comparing with monocultural cropping patterns. However, questions remain concerning how the soil microbiome responds to different manure application rates under crop rotations. Here, we collected soil samples from a rice-rape system to investigate the response of the soil microbiome to nine years of pig manure application at different rates (CK: 0 kg ha-1 , M1: 1930 kg ha-1 , M2: 3860 kg ha-1 and M3: 5790 kg ha-1). Our results revealed that the bacterial α-diversity (Chao1 and Shannon index) in the rape season increased first and then decreased with increasing manure application rates, and a high manure load tended to decrease the bacterial α-diversity in the rice season. Long-term manure application enriched some copiotrophic bacteria, such as Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria, while it decreased the relative abundance of Nitrospirae. Redundancy analysis (RDA) and the Mantel test indicated that soil pH, TC, TN, AP, C/P and N/P ratios were the main factors influencing bacterial communities. Moreover, network analysis showed that a low manure application rate shaped a complexly connected and stable bacterial community, while higher manure application rate decreased the stability of the bacterial network. These findings improve our understanding of bacterial responses to longterm manure application under crop rotations and their relationships with soil factors, especially in the context of increasing fertilizer inputs.

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“…Intensive cropping systems with continuous imbalanced use of synthetic fertilizers to feed fertilizer-responsive varieties have caused losses in soil organic carbon (SOC) [14] and soil health [15][16][17], often leading to unsustainability of crop production systems. The use of organic sources of nutrients in agriculture is rapidly gaining favor but, owing to the problems related to the lack of availability of a good quality and quantity of organic materials, the system may not be sufficient to achieve and sustain the production of cereal crops in the amounts required for food security [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated Nutrient Management in Rice–Wheat Cropping System: An Evidence on Sustainability in the Indian Subcontinent through Meta-Analysis

Padbhushan¹,

Kumar

2019

Agronomy

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Over years of intensive cultivation and imbalanced fertilizer use, the soils of the Indiansubcontinent have become deficient in several nutrients and are impoverished in organic matter.Recently, this region has started emphasizing a shift from inorganic to organic farming to managesoil health. However, owing to the steadily increasing demands for food by the overgrowingpopulations of this region, a complete shift to an organic farming system is not possible. The rice–wheat cropping system (RWCS) is in crisis because of falling or static yields. The nations of thisregion have already recognized this problem and have modified farming systems towardintegrated nutrient management (INM) practices. The INM concept aims to design farmingsystems to ensure sustainability by improving soil health, while securing food for the populationby improving crop productivity. Therefore, this paper was synthesized to quantify the impact androle of INM in improving crop productivity and sustainability of the RWCS in the context of theIndian subcontinent through meta-analysis using 338 paired data during the period of 1989–2016.The meta-analysis of the whole data for rice and wheat showed a positive increase in the grainyield of both crops with the use of INM over inorganic fertilizers only (IORA), organic fertilizersonly (ORA), and control (no fertilizers; CO) treatments. The increase in grain yield was significantat p < 0.05 for rice in INM over ORA and CO treatments. For wheat, the increase in grain yield wassignificant at p < 0.05 in INM over IORA, ORA, and CO treatments. The yield differences in theINM treatment over IORA were 0.05 and 0.13 Mg ha−1, respectively, in rice and wheat crops. Thepercent yield increases in INM treatment over IORA, ORA, and CO treatments were 2.52, 29.2, and90.9, respectively, in loamy soil and 0.60, 24.9, and 93.7, respectively, in clayey soil. The net returnsincreased by 121% (INM vs. CO) in rice, and 9.34% (INM vs. IORA) and 127% (INM vs. CO) inwheat crop. Use of integrated nutrient management had a positive effect on soil properties ascompared to other nutrient management options. Overall, the yield gain and maintenance of soilhealth due to INM practices over other nutrient management practices in RWCS can be a viablenutrient management option in the Indian subcontinent.

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Continuous application of inorganic and organic fertilizers over 47 years in paddy soil alters the bacterial community structure and its influence on rice production

Cited by 140 publications

References 63 publications

Peer Review #3 of "Manure application increased denitrifying gene abundance in a drip-irrigated cotton field (v0.1)"

Peer Review #3 of "Manure application increased denitrifying gene abundance in a drip-irrigated cotton field (v0.1)"

High manure load reduces bacterial diversity and network complexity in a paddy soil under crop rotations

Integrated Nutrient Management in Rice–Wheat Cropping System: An Evidence on Sustainability in the Indian Subcontinent through Meta-Analysis

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