Continuity and diversity of Roman pottery production at Famars (northern France) in the 2nd–4th centuries AD: insights from the pottery waste

Borgers, Barbara; Ionescu, Corina; Willems, Sonja; Barbu–Tudoran, Lucian; Bernroider, Manfred; Clotuche, Raphaël

doi:10.1007/s12520-020-01113-2

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Following research by Maniatis and Tite ( 1981 ), Cultrone et al ( 2004 ), Maritan et al ( 2005 ), Gál et al ( 2018 ), Borgers et al ( 2020 , 2022 ) a.o. on microstructural changes of ceramic bodies, significant differences were identified among the coarse ware jars studied.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…CFE-SEM-EDX was used to examine the microstructure of the matrix and firing products, with the aim to estimate the firing process of ancient pottery (Maniatis and Tite 1981 ; Tite et al 1982 ; Cultrone et al 2004 ; Maritan et al 2005 ; Gál et al 2018 ; Borgers et al 2020 , 2022 ). For this purpose, 19 samples (NO1, NO3, NO4, NO6, NO8, NO10, NO12–NO17, NO19, NO21–NO24, NO28, NO31) were examined with a Hitachi 8230 microscope working at 30 kV acceleration voltage, 50 s live time and with a < 10 nm electron beam, allowing a very high resolution of the backscattered and secondary electron images.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Roman Republican coarse ware from Norba, Southern Lazio (Italy): a multi-analytical study of production technology and trade

Borgers,

Ionescu,

Gál

et al. 2023

Archaeol Anthropol Sci

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The first objective of this paper is to reconstruct the production technology of fourth–first centuries BCE coarse ware from surveys near the ancient town of Norba in the Lepini Mountains of Southern Lazio, Italy, adopting a multi-analytical method, combining macroscopic observation with polarised light optical microscopy (OM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The second objective of this study is to gain insight into Norba’s integration in broader production and distribution networks in Southern Lazio between the fourth–first centuries BCE, by comparing the results with previous data for coarse ware prevalent in the region at that time. The results indicate that the coarse ware from Norba was produced with Fe-rich, Ca-poor, and illite-muscovite clays and fired in an oxidising atmosphere between 750 and 900 °C. Differences among the coarse ware exist in the paste recipes, e.g. intentionally added temper. Most coarse ware from Norba bears compositional similarities to that from the Alban Hills and the Tiber Valley, north of Rome, suggesting that Norba was integrated into the marketing of pottery that was common in Southern Lazio during the fourth–first centuries BCE. In comparison, only a few coarse wares seem to have been produced in the surrounding area (e.g. Satricum and Forum Appii), or even locally in Norba. The results further indicate changes in these regional/local distribution networks; some coarse ware seems to have been imported from Satricum, where a workshop was active during the fourth century BCE. When ceramic production at Satricum ceased, potters settled in the towns of Forum Appii and Norba, where they produced ceramic building material and fine ware in the second–first centuries BCE, respectively. The results of this study tentatively suggest that potters in these locations may have also manufactured coarse ware during this period.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Roman Republican coarse ware from Norba, Southern Lazio (Italy): a multi-analytical study of production technology and trade

Borgers,

Ionescu,

Gál

et al. 2023

Archaeol Anthropol Sci

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“…During clay firing, the amount of calcium carbonate decreases with an increasing temperature, and most of what was observed in the XRD analyses is likely to indicate secondary formation, which means it forms as a result of reactions that occur in the ceramic mixture and is re-involved in the formation of new phases at temperatures above 900 • C. The TGA graphs support what is asserted, as the CER1 (Figure 12) and ORL2 (Figure 15) ceramics are comparable and show a weight loss from 750 • C to 900 • C, relative to calcite (CaCO 3 ), but there is no lattice water loss at lower temperatures. The analogies shown in the fragments lead us to believe, with a high degree of certainty, that they were produced in situ by utilising comparable clay, perhaps of local origin [19,35,36]. Furthermore, the ceramic fragments discovered in the Palazzo Corsini excavation have a fine and homogeneous grain size, indicating an accurate selection of the raw material: a clay with refined and careful characteristics.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Archaeometric Investigations on Archaeological Findings from Palazzo Corsini Alla Lungara (Rome)

de Caro,

Susanna,

Fraiegari

et al. 2024

Ceramics

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This study reports the analytical investigations on clayey and ceramic finds, characterised by high variability in terms of prime materials, with the aim to determine the role of this important ceramic production situated close to the city walls, fortuitously found during service excavations developed in the garden of Palazzo Corsini in Rome. The complexity of the finds led to the choices of appropriate methodologies and techniques suitable for defining the diagnostic elements of each find. Optical microscopy (OM) combined with micro-Raman (µ-Raman) spectroscopy, X-ray diffractometry (XRD), scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDS), and differential thermal analysis (DTA) were used to analyse the nature and microstructure of the ceramic and burned clay that were found. In such a complicated setting, the objective of conducting chemical analyses is to provide clues to describe the various kinds of ceramics produced, the production and processing methods, and, as a result, the typology of the workshop.

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“…CFE‐SEM‐EDX can be used to analyse the composition and microstructure (Borgers et al, 2020; Gál et al, 2018), and surface finish of ceramic fragments (Ionescu et al, 2015; Ionescu & Hoeck, 2020). Small chips of 28 samples (AG1, AG2, AG3, AG5, AG6, AG9, AG10, AG11, AG13, LA15, AG22, AG23, LA25, AG27, AG28, AG29, AG30, AG31, AG32, AG33, LA36, LA38, LA39, LA40, LA41, AG45, LA47, LA48) were investigated with a Hitachi 8,230 microscope at the National Institute for Research and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, Cluj‐Napoca, working at 30 kV acceleration voltage, 50 s live time and a <10 nm electron beam.…”

Section: Samples and Analytical Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production technology and knowledge transfer of calcite‐tempered grey ware bowls from 2nd‐ to 5th‐century ceNoricum (Austria)

et al. 2022

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Aspects of 2nd-to 5th-century CE Roman production technology and knowledge transfer in southern Austria (known as Noricum) were examined. With no evidence for workshops identified in the study area, 44 grey ware bowls from two sites at Aguntum and Lavant were studied macroscopically, and combined with optical microscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, prompt gamma activation, neutron activation and scanning electron microscopy, in order to understand whether one (large) workshop supplied these bowls, or whether the bowls were produced by several (small) workshops nearby. Combined with information from the geological background, the results were used to tentatively indicate the production location. The results indicate that the grey ware bowls from Aguntum and Lavant were produced by local workshops nearby. The bowls were manufactured with similar clay sources, tempered with crushed calcite-marble rocks from the Tauern Window, their surface smoothed and burnished, and fired between 800 and 850 C in a reducing atmosphere of an open fire. This is taken to suggest that Roman potters, who were located at Aguntum and Lavant, shared strategies of raw materials selection, paste preparation, finishing and firing, and transferred technological knowledge through time.

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Continuity and diversity of Roman pottery production at Famars (northern France) in the 2nd–4th centuries AD: insights from the pottery waste

Cited by 8 publications

References 41 publications

Roman Republican coarse ware from Norba, Southern Lazio (Italy): a multi-analytical study of production technology and trade

Roman Republican coarse ware from Norba, Southern Lazio (Italy): a multi-analytical study of production technology and trade

Archaeometric Investigations on Archaeological Findings from Palazzo Corsini Alla Lungara (Rome)

Production technology and knowledge transfer of calcite‐tempered grey ware bowls from 2nd‐ to 5th‐century ceNoricum (Austria)

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