Continuity and Change in Preschool ADHD Symptoms: Longitudinal Genetic Analysis with Contrast Effects

Price, Thomas S.; Simonoff, Emily; Asherson, Philip; Curran, Sarah; Kuntsi, Jonna; Waldman, Irwin D.; Plomin, Robert

doi:10.1007/s10519-004-1013-x

Cited by 59 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 53 publications

(46 reference statements)

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“…In a further twin sample aged 2,3, and 4 years a phenotypic correlation of around 55-60% between age 2 and 3, and 3 and 4 years old, and around 50% between age 2 and 4 years old for ADHD symptoms was elicited [79]. Cross sectional heritability was estimated at around 80% for each age.…”

Section: Longitudinal Coursementioning

confidence: 87%

Phenotypic and measurement influences on heritability estimates in childhood ADHD

Freitag

Rohde

Lempp

et al. 2010

Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry

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Twin studies described a strongly heritable component of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children and adolescents. However, findings varied considerably between studies. In addition, ADHD presents with a high rate of comorbid disorders and associated psychopathology. Therefore, this literature review reports findings from population-based twin studies regarding the influence of subtypes, assessment instruments, rater effects, sex differences, and comorbidity rates on ADHD heritability estimates. In addition, genetic effects on the persistence of ADHD are discussed. By reviewing relevant factors influencing heritability estimates more homogeneous subtypes relevant for molecular genetic studies can be elicited. A systematic search of population-based twin studies in ADHD was performed, using the databases PubMed and PsycInfo. Results of family studies were added in case insufficient or contradictory findings were obtained in twin studies. Heritability estimates were strongly influenced by rater effects and assessment instruments. Inattentive and hyperactiveimpulsive symptoms were likely influenced by common as well as specific genetic risk factors. Besides persistent ADHD, ADHD accompanied by symptoms of conduct or antisocial personality disorder might be another strongly genetically determined subtype, however, family environmental risk factors have also been established for this pattern of comorbidity.

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Section: Longitudinal Coursementioning

confidence: 87%

Phenotypic and measurement influences on heritability estimates in childhood ADHD

Freitag

Rohde

Lempp

et al. 2010

Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry

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“…Despite the fact that genetic studies have mainly focused on children, there is evidence pointing to the existence of an even stronger genetic component in adult ADHD (Biederman, 2005;Biederman and Faraone, 2005;Chang et al, 2013;Faraone et al, 2005). In addition, different lines of investigation suggest a distinct genetic load between persistent and remitting ADHD, and support the existence of specific genetic factors contributing to the stability of ADHD symptoms across life Price et al, 2005;Ribases et al, 2008). Thus, previous GWAS focused on childhood ADHD may have increased heterogeneity by including in the analysis the subset of patients in whom ADHD will remit.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Case–Control Genome-Wide Association Study of Persistent Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Identifies FBXO33 as a Novel Susceptibility Gene for the Disorder

Sánchez-Mora

Ramos-Quiroga

Bosch

et al. 2014

Neuropsychopharmacol

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Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder with high heritability. At least 30% of patients diagnosed in childhood continue to suffer from ADHD during adulthood and genetic risk factors may play an essential role in the persistence of the disorder throughout lifespan. To date, genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of ADHD have been completed in seven independent datasets, six of which were pediatric samples and one on persistent ADHD using a DNA-pooling strategy, but none of them reported genome-wide significant associations. In an attempt to unravel novel genes for the persistence of ADHD into adulthood, we conducted the first two-stage GWAS in adults with ADHD. The discovery sample included 607 ADHD cases and 584 controls. Top signals were subsequently tested for replication in three independent follow-up samples of 2104 ADHD patients and 1901 controls. None of the findings exceeded the genome-wide threshold for significance (P GC o5e À 08), but we found evidence for the involvement of the FBXO33 (F-box only protein 33) gene in combined ADHD in the discovery sample (P ¼ 9.02e À 07) and in the joint analysis of both stages (P ¼ 9.7e À 03). Additional evidence for a FBXO33 role in ADHD was found through gene-wise and pathway enrichment analyses in our genomic study. Risk alleles were associated with lower FBXO33 expression in lymphoblastoid cell lines and with reduced frontal gray matter volume in a sample of 1300 adult subjects. Our findings point for the first time at the ubiquitination machinery as a new disease mechanism for adult ADHD and establish a rationale for searching for additional risk variants in ubiquitination-related genes. Neuropsychopharmacology (2015) 40, 915-926;

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“…Zygosity diagnosis-We used the Zygosity Questionnaire for Young Twins (Goldsmith, 1991), which yields over 95% agreement with genotyping and is a practical alternative to more expensive methods (Forget-Dubois et al, 2003;Price et al, 2005). In cases where any ambiguity remained after examination of the questionnaire, additional information was obtained from medical records (e.g., placenta type), examination of photographs or videos, and re-administration of the zygosity questionnaire.…”

Section: Questionnaire Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Examining the Familial Link Between Positive Affect and Empathy Development in the Second Year

Volbrecht

Lemery‐Chalfant

Aksan

et al. 2007

The Journal of Genetic Psychology

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Within a sample of 584 twins aged 12 to 25 months (292 pairs) studied longitudinally, positive affect measured through two laboratory pleasure episodes and maternal report at 12 and 22 months significantly predicted empathy-related helping and hypothesis testing assessed between 19 and 25 months. Girls showed significantly more concern than did boys, whereas boys engaged in hypothesis testing significantly more than did girls. Behavior-genetic analyses indicated substantial shared environmental influences for positive affect and empathy composites of helping and concern. Genetics and the nonshared environment influenced empathy-related hypothesis testing. The best fitting bivariate model included shared and nonshared environmental influences on positive affect and helping, with environment accounting for the covariation between the two traits. The covariation between positive affect and hypothesis testing was genetically influenced. Copyright © 2007 Heldref PublicationsAddress correspondence to Michele Volbrecht, Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1202 West Johnson St., Madison, WI 53706-1969, USA; mmvolbrecht@wisc.edu.. AUTHOR NOTES Michele M. Volbrecht is a graduate student in the human development area of the Department of Educational Psychology at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. Her research interests primarily focus on temperament and the development of internalizing psychopathologies in young children. Kathryn Lemery-Chalfant is an assistant professor of developmental psychology at Arizona State University. Her current research identifies genetic and environmental contributions to children's mental and physical health. Her lab Web site is http://www.asu.edu/clas/psych/research/emotion. Nazan Aksan is an assistant scientist in the Department of Psychology at the University of Iowa. Her research interests lie in the area of social development. Carolyn Zahn-Waxler is a senior scientist in the Department of Psychology at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. Her research interests include the development of empathy and prosociality, the development of depression, and sex differences in psychopathology. H. Hill Goldsmith is Fluno Bascom Professor and Leona TylerProfessor of psychology at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. His research interests lie in developmental behavioral genetics, temperament, and childhood psychopathology.The authors appreciate the research assistance of all of the staff and students at the UW-Twin Center, especially Heather Lau, Sheila Turcsanyi, and Penny Clark. (Eisenberg, 1988), is an admirable human attribute. The development of empathy fosters this unselfish desire to alleviate another's distress, serving as a catalyst for prosocial, moral action (Hoffman, 1982). During the second year of life, children typically possess the required cognitive, affective, and behavioral capabilities for concern and helping behavior directed toward distressed others (Zahn-Waxler, Robinson, & Emde, 1992). As children develop, their self-distress reaction is incr...

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Continuity and Change in Preschool ADHD Symptoms: Longitudinal Genetic Analysis with Contrast Effects

Cited by 59 publications

References 53 publications

Phenotypic and measurement influences on heritability estimates in childhood ADHD

Phenotypic and measurement influences on heritability estimates in childhood ADHD

Case–Control Genome-Wide Association Study of Persistent Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Identifies FBXO33 as a Novel Susceptibility Gene for the Disorder

Examining the Familial Link Between Positive Affect and Empathy Development in the Second Year

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