Continuing professional development: a review

The development and empirical validation of the Q-PDN: A questionnaire measuring continuing professional development of nurses

“…Time to attend courses and to complete assignments is an important condition to participate in CPD activities, as is employer support (Murphy et al, 2006). Regarding the importance attached to CPD and the actually undertaken CPD activities, some nurses participate in CPD programs only to allow them to continue practicing (Grossman, 1998;Lawton and Wimpenny, 2003). Other studies indicate that nurses participate in CPD from a felt need to expand their own knowledge (Lindsay, 1990;Larcombe and Maggs, 1991;Thurston, 1992;O'Connor, 1992).…”

Work based, lifelong learning through professional portfolios: Challenge or reward?

“…Continuing education (CE) and continuing professional education (CPE) are frequently used synonymously to describe CPD (Lawton & Wimpenny, 2003). The authors imply that these two terms express a narrower view of CPD relating to mandatory requirements rather than the broader, lifelong learning view.…”

“…A useful definition to consider is that of Freidman et al (2000) (cited by Lawton & Wimpenny, 2003) . .…”

“…Theory may be derived from practice and education rather than training. The existence of these two models may result in conflict and provide the practitioner with dilemmas concerning CPD priorities (Lawton & Wimpenny, 2003).…”

“…Some authors (for example Clyde, 1998;Eustace, 2001;Waddell, 2001) suggest that profession-wide schemes cannot monitor competence at the level of specificity necessary for particular areas of practice and therefore, local systems may need to be developed, with the involvement of employers. Lawton and Wimpenny (2003) offer a useful framework for mapping the range of activities that may contribute to CPD. This framework allows for the personal/professional and the structured/unstructured aspects of CPD and depicts four CPD foci relating to:…”