Continued improvement in survival among HIV-infected individuals with newer forms of highly active antiretroviral therapy

Lima, Viviane D.; Hogg, Robert S.; Harrigan, P. Richard; Moore, David; Yip, Benita; Wood, Evan; Montaner, Julio S. G.

doi:10.1097/qad.0b013e32802ef30c

Cited by 244 publications

(183 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…1 While AIDS-related deaths are decreasing, the proportion of deaths in HIV-infected patients related to causes other than AIDS is increasing. 2,3 Diabetes mellitus is a particular comorbid illness that warrants attention as a threat to HIV-infected patients; 10.7% of the overall United States population above the age of 20 have diabetes, and the prevalence is even greater among African Americans and Hispanics.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Glycemic Control in HIV-Infected Patients with Diabetes Mellitus and Rates of Meeting American Diabetes Association Management Guidelines

Satlin

Hoover

Glesby

2011

AIDS Patient Care and STDs

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Limited data exist on the prevalence of inadequate glycemic control and rates of meeting American Diabetic Association (ADA) management guidelines in HIV-infected adults with diabetes mellitus. We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study of 142 HIV-infected adults with type 2 diabetes at an urban academic HIV clinic during 2008. We estimated the prevalence of and assessed associations with inadequate glycemic control, defined as hemoglobin A 1c !7.5% for !50% of quarters over the year, and determined rates of meeting ADA clinical goals. Ninety-two percent of patients received antiretroviral therapy. The prevalence of inadequate glycemic control was 33% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25%-42%). Compared to patients with adequate control, those with inadequate control had fewer years since HIV diagnosis (12.7 versus 15.1, p ¼ 0.01), increased use of insulin (60% versus 20%, p < 0.001) or any diabetic medication (98% versus 85%, p ¼ 0.02), and higher triglyceride levels (238 versus 168 mg/dL, p ¼ 0.008). Rates of achieving ADA goals were 42% for blood pressure, 66% for low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), 33% for high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and 31% for triglycerides. Thirty-six percent of patients who did not meet the LDL-C goal received statin therapy. Forty-seven percent of patients were screened for retinopathy and 19% of patients without preexisting renal disease were screened for nephropathy. In conclusion, the prevalence of inadequate glycemic control in HIV-infected patients with diabetes is similar to published data from the general population. Suboptimal rates of meeting ADA blood pressure and lipid goals and adherence to screening guidelines demonstrate need for further clinician and patient education.

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confidence: 99%

Glycemic Control in HIV-Infected Patients with Diabetes Mellitus and Rates of Meeting American Diabetes Association Management Guidelines

Satlin

Hoover

Glesby

2011

AIDS Patient Care and STDs

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“…L a terapia anti-retroviral (TARV) ha contribuido a controlar el desarrollo de la enfermedad por VIH/SIDA y mejorar la calidad de vida de los individuos infectados, reduciendo su morbilidad y mortalidad 1,2,3 . Sin embargo, su efi cacia terapéutica depende de la obtención de una adecuada adherencia al tratamiento prescrito 4 ; la no adherencia favorece la posibilidad de desarrollo de subtipos de virus resistentes a los fármacos anti-retrovirales 5 .…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Seguimiento fármaco-terapéutico en pacientes ambulatorios con tratamiento anti-retroviral

Moya¹,

Bernal²,

Rojas³

et al. 2012

Rev. chil. infectol.

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“…16 As survival has improved, the focus of care has shifted to management of chronic disease in which cardiovascular disease, hypertension, diabetes, and kidney disease are common comorbid conditions requiring care and treatment. In addition to traditional risk factors for cardiovascular disease such as hypertension, tobacco use, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, genetics, and impaired glucose tolerance, compounding risk factors due to the direct effects of HIV and antiretroviral therapy must be considered.…”

Section: Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease and Hiv Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiovascular Disease and HIV: Pathophysiology, Treatment Considerations, and Nursing Implications

Cournoyer

Garms

Thiessen

et al. 2016

Critical Care Nurse

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HIV infection has progressed from an acute, terminal disease to a chronic illness with cardiovascular disease as the leading cause of death among persons living with HIV. As persons living with HIV infection continue to become older, traditional risk factors for atherosclerosis compounded by the pathophysiological effects of HIV infection and antiretroviral therapy markedly increase the risk for cardiovascular disease. Further, persons living with HIV are also at high risk for cardiomyopathy. Critical care nurses must recognize the risk factors for cardiovascular disease and the pathophysiology and complex treatment options in order to manage care of these patients and facilitate multidisciplinary collaboration. Two case studies are used to highlight the treatment options and nursing considerations associated with cardiovascular disease among persons living with HIV.

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Continued improvement in survival among HIV-infected individuals with newer forms of highly active antiretroviral therapy

Abstract: A significant and progressive decrease in mortality and increase in life expectancy were observed over the 12-year study period. The increase in life expectancy and decrease in mortality were directly associated with the use of modern forms of HAART.

Cited by 244 publications

References 34 publications

Glycemic Control in HIV-Infected Patients with Diabetes Mellitus and Rates of Meeting American Diabetes Association Management Guidelines

Glycemic Control in HIV-Infected Patients with Diabetes Mellitus and Rates of Meeting American Diabetes Association Management Guidelines

Seguimiento fármaco-terapéutico en pacientes ambulatorios con tratamiento anti-retroviral

Cardiovascular Disease and HIV: Pathophysiology, Treatment Considerations, and Nursing Implications

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