Continuation of oral nutritional supplementation supports continued growth in nutritionally at-risk children with picky eating behaviour: A post-intervention, observational follow-up study

Abstract

ObjectivesTo evaluate the 120-day post-intervention growth trajectory of picky-eating children aged 2 to 6 years who previously completed a 90-day, randomized, controlled trial of oral nutritional supplementation (ONS) plus dietary counselling (DC) (SDC, n = 98) compared with DC alone (n = 105).MethodsA total of 203 children were included. Children were free to consume ONS during follow-up. Information on ONS consumption was collected. Weight-for-age percentile (WAP) and height-for-age percentile (HAP) were measured at Day 90 (beginning) and Day 210 (end point).ResultsDespite continued weight gain, there was a significant decline in WAP in both groups during the post-intervention period. However, children who took ONS voluntarily had a smaller loss in WAP compared with those who did not. Children in the SDC group showed no difference in a decline in HAP between those who took ONS during follow-up and those who did not. However, children in the DC group showed a marginally larger decline in HAP in those who did not take ONS during the follow-up compared with those who did.ConclusionsContinued parental self-administration of ONS to their children slows down the loss of growth percentiles, supporting continued weight gain in picky-eating children at nutritional risk.

Effect of Oral Nutritional Supplementation on Growth in Children with Undernutrition: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

“…Eleven studies met the inclusion criteria ( Figure 1 ). Of these, seven were considered to be of “high” quality [ 23 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 ] and two each “moderate” [ 53 , 54 ] and “low” [ 55 , 56 ] quality ( Table 1 ).…”

Effect of Oral Nutritional Supplements (ONS) on Weight of Malnourished Children in Developing Countries

“…Yet it could also negatively effects the nutritional status of a child. On the other because it decreases mother caring-time for a child (Ghosh, Kishore, Shaikh, Satyavrat, Kumar, & Shah, et al, 2018b) found that mother's malnourished children are almost working women, however Karlsson, Kim, Sarwal, et al (2021) did not find any evidence on the relationship between children's nutritional status and mothers' employment.…”

Correlation of Picky Eating in Children’s Growth: A Systematic Review

“…It is especially important to note that the odds ratios are not comparable in magnitude across study designs-for example, one study finding that overweight kids are five times as likely to be picky does not mean that picky kids are five times as likely to be over or under weight. Even in studies that found a relationship between picky eating and overweight like the article that made by (Taylor, Steer, Hays, & Emmett, 2018) Also, most studies did not clearly report possible effect modifiers e.g., types of foods offered to the child, parenting styles, oral nutritional supplementation, growth (Ghosh et al, 2018), nutritional status, development, physical activity, and health (Chao, 2018), sosioeconomy (Galloway et al, 2018) parent weight status) that could affect the relationship between eating behaviors and weight status. Other limitations that may affect the cumulative evidence in this systematic review include publication bias and the risk of selective reporting within studies.…”

“…Picky eating so far has not been understood the effect on body weight and height in children, where the problem can be at risk for nutritional status in children (Ghosh et al, 2018). In Southeast Asia there is a prevalence of overweight 4.2% from 19.9 million in Asia and 15.1% of 86.5 million in Asia experiencing stunting (United Nations Children's Fund, Organization, & Bank, 2017).…”