“…To measure the technology acceptance factors, three constructs are used, namely, perceived usefulness [ 117 ], perceived ease of use [ 118 ] and perceived enjoyment [ 52 ]. Secondly, to measure chatbot quality, three constructs - namely information quality [ 64 ], service quality [ 47 ], and interface & design [ 39 , 74 ] are adopted. The third section consists of three constructs, namely perceived risk [ 58 , 119 ], structural assurance [ 61 ], and privacy & security concerns [ 120 ], which measure the risk factors associated with chatbot trust.…”