Contingency management is effective across cocaine-dependent outpatients with different socioeconomic status

Contingency management for substance use disorders in Spain: Implications for research and practice

“…The study found that individuals with baseline depressive symptoms had poorer treatment outcomes than patients without depressive symptoms, and that the addition of CM to CRA made the program more effective than with CRA alone, supporting the efficacy of CM for cocaine-dependent outpatients with and without depressive symptoms. The secondary analyses also found that gender does not impact on the effectiveness of CM (Garcia-Fernandez et al, 2011a, 2011bSecades-Villa et al, 2013).…”

Uncovering Naturalistic Rewards and their Subjective Value in Forensic Psychiatric Patients

“…The reinforcers used in reinforcement-based treatments in correctional settings most often involve short-term, explicit, low-effort rewards (Gendreau et al, 2014). Contingency management programs that focus on short-term rewards help promote discipline and structure in prison settings (Webb, 2003), and are effective in the treatment of substance dependence in community settings (Secades-Villa et al, 2013). Regarding long-term behavioral change, our findings are in line with the GLM (Ward, 2002;Ward & Gannon, 2006) and suggest that it may be more beneficial to focus on rewards or goals that increase personal growth and social functioning, which will likely provide more opportunities for success in the future.…”

“…Adaptations of CRA employ contingency management by rewarding desirable behaviors by, e.g., giving vouchers for drug abstinence (e.g., Secades-Villa et al, 2013). These vouchers are explicit, material reinforcers, and have specific monetary values.…”

Leveraging Neuroscience and Education to Prevent Youth Aggression and Violence

“…As we relate other research in an attempt to understand the role of the nucleus accumbens and other parts of the striatum (the portions of the brain that have to do with the reward system) may have, it is interesting to note that Pettijean et al (2014) and Secades-Villa et al (2013) had shown that cocaine addicts who do not respond to treatment, even after having suffered from cocaine addiction, show impaired self-awareness of cognitive and motivational processing, which implicates the striatum, OFC, and dorsolateral PFC regions of the brain not the nucleus accumbens. Yet, Porges and Decety (2013) found that while one's assessment of violent stimuli is dependent on their social context and individual characteristics, subjects who observe martial arts video clips recorded activation of the anterior insula (AI), brainstem, ventral tegmental area (VTA), striatum, medial, and lateral prefrontal cortex, orbitofrontal cortex, somatosensory cortex, and supramarginal gyrus.…”