Continental crust of China: A brief guide for the perplexed

Stern, Robert J.; Li, Shimin; Keller, G. Randy

doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2018.01.020

Cited by 29 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 171 publications

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“…comm. ). According to this interpretation, the orthothecid feeding organs were adjusted to collect food particles directly from organic‐rich substrates (Sun et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The North China Block is bounded to the north by the Central Asian Orogenic Belt, to the south by the Qinling‐Dabie Belt and Su‐Lu fault against the South China Block, to the west by the Qilian Orogenic Belt against the Tarim Block (Stern et al . ). During the early Cambrian, the North China Block was situated near the northern margin of the Gondwana supercontinent, particularly close to the Australia Block (Brock et al .…”

Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…comm. ) has revealed a tentaculate feeding structure and a distinct U‐shaped gut, which suggest that they are closely related to the ‘lophophorates’, which include modern brachiopods, phoronids and probably bryozoans (Dunn et al . ) as well as some fossil taxa such as tommotiids (Skovsted et al .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Homologous shell microstructures in Cambrian hyoliths and molluscs

Zhang

Skovsted

et al. 2018

Palaeontology

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Hyoliths were among the earliest biomineralizing metazoans in Palaeozoic marine environments. They have been known for two centuries and widely assigned to lophotrochozoans. However, their origin and relationships with modern lophotrochozoan clades have been a longstanding palaeontological controversy. Here, we provide broad microstructural data from hyolith conchs and opercula from the lower Cambrian Xinji Formation of North China, including two hyolithid genera and four orthothecid genera as well as unidentified opercula. Results show that most hyolith conchs contain a distinct aragonitic lamellar layer that is composed of foliated aragonite, except in the orthothecid New taxon 1 that has a crossed foliated lamellar microstructure. Opercula are mostly composed of foliated aragonite and occasionally foliated calcite. These blade or lath-like microstructural fabrics coincide well with biomineralization of Cambrian molluscs rather than lophophorates, as exemplified by the Cambrian members of the tommotiid-brachiopod linage. Accordingly, we propose that hyoliths and molluscs might have inherited their biomineralized skeletons from a non-mineralized or weakly mineralized common ancestor rather than as a result of convergence. Consequently, from the view of biomineralization, the homologous shell microstructures in Cambrian hyoliths and molluscs strongly strengthen the phylogenetic links between the two groups.

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“…comm. ). According to this interpretation, the orthothecid feeding organs were adjusted to collect food particles directly from organic‐rich substrates (Sun et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Homologous shell microstructures in Cambrian hyoliths and molluscs

Zhang

Skovsted

et al. 2018

Palaeontology

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“…The orogenic belts of the Himalayan massif and the Tibetan Plateau are associated with the India-Eurasia collision, whereas the Altaid collage, also known as the Central Asian Orogenic Belt, is a huge area that experienced large-scale plate movement (including ocean-crust subduction) during the Palaeozoic, creating an agglomeration of different terranes, including island arcs ( Figure 1) (e.g., [48,134]). There is a somewhat patchy documentation of fluvial archives from such regions, although the high mountain ranges are associated with deep foreland basins, such as that to the south of the Himalayas (Figure 1), which have experienced prolonged sediment accumulation, much of it fluvial or fluvio-deltaic (e.g., [45]).…”

Section: Anomalous Records From Orogenic Belts In Central Asiamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Crustal provinces of the Eurasian continent. Modified from numerous sources, including[37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48]; for a larger version of this figure, see Supplementary Material.…”

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confidence: 99%

The Influence of Crustal Properties on Patterns of Quaternary Fluvial Stratigraphy in Eurasia

2018

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Compilation of empirical data on river-terrace sequences from across Eurasia during successive International Geoscience Programme (IGCP) projects revealed marked contrasts between the records from different crustal provinces, notably between the East European Platform (EEP) and the Caledonian/Variscan/Alpine provinces of western/central Europe. Well-developed terrace staircases, often indicative of hundreds of metres of Late Cenozoic uplift/fluvial incision, are preserved in many parts of the European continent, especially westward of the EEP. In contrast, rivers within the EEP have extensive sedimentary archives that are not preserved as terrace staircases; instead, they form sets of laterally accreted sediment packages, never more than a few tens of metres above or below modern river level. There are parallels in Asia, albeit that the crust of the Asian continent has a greater proportion of tectonically active zones, at one extreme, and stable platforms/cratons at the other. The observed patterns point strongly to the mobility of lower-crustal material within younger provinces, where the continental crust is significantly hotter, as a key part of the mechanism driving the progressive uplift that has led to valley incision and the formation of river terraces: a process of erosional isostasy with lower-crustal flow as a positive-feedback driver. The contrast between these different styles of fluvial-archive preservation is of considerable significance for Quaternary stratigraphy, as such archives provide important templates for the understanding of the terrestrial record.

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Late Miocene Yellow River formation in Qingtongxia area, North China: Detrital zircon and heavy mineral analysis at Niushou Mountain, Ningxia

2020

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The development and formation times of the Yellow River, the second largest drainage system in China, remain controversial. The Ganhegou Formation, a set of Upper Miocene-Pliocene fluvial facies sediments, developed around Niushou Mountain in the outermost edge of the arcuate structural belt in the northeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau and has a sediment composition very similar to that of the Yellow River. In this article, the relationship between the deposition of the Ganhegou Formation and the Yellow River is confirmed through the analysis and comparison of sediment composition, detrital zircons, and heavy mineral characteristics of the Ganhegou Formation, a Yellow River terrace, and the modern Yellow River. The sediments of the Ganhegou Formation contain abundant well-ground and sorted fluvial pebbles that are largely consistent with Yellow River sediments. The analysis of the composition of zircons and heavy minerals shows that the age peaks of all detrital zircons are primarily among 200-300 Ma, 400-500 Ma, and 1,700-2,000 Ma and that all the heavy minerals are generally characterized by the combination of 'haematite + garnet + zircon + epidote + quartz and altered minerals'. Therefore, the Ganhegou Formation in the Niushou Mountain area of Ningxia is a likely sediment of the ancient Yellow River, which has existed at Qingtongxia since at least the Late Miocene.

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Continental crust of China: A brief guide for the perplexed

Cited by 29 publications

References 171 publications

Homologous shell microstructures in Cambrian hyoliths and molluscs

Homologous shell microstructures in Cambrian hyoliths and molluscs

The Influence of Crustal Properties on Patterns of Quaternary Fluvial Stratigraphy in Eurasia

Late Miocene Yellow River formation in Qingtongxia area, North China: Detrital zircon and heavy mineral analysis at Niushou Mountain, Ningxia

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