Contiguous States, Stable Borders, and the Peace between Democracies

Gibler, Douglas M.

doi:10.1111/isqu.12105

Cited by 8 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Similar to Gibler (2007, 2014), Park and Colaresi (2014), and Park and James (2015), we estimate a standard probit model on a dichotomous measure of armed conflict. Our unit of analysis is the dyad year and the temporal period is from 1816 to 2001.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

External threat and the limits of democratic pacifism

Ghatak

Gold

Prins

2016

Conflict Management and Peace Science

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Scholars widely recognize that democratic dyads are associated with lower hazards of armed conflict and more efficient conflict resolution. Many attempts have been made to challenge the notion of democratic pacifism, but perhaps the most significant is the argument that the Democratic Peace is epiphenomenal to territorial issues, specifically the external threats that they pose. The presence of an external threat might be the mechanism by which democratic dyads, owing to audience costs and resolve, fail to decide contentious issues non-violently. This study seeks to answer the question: “Under what conditions do democratic dyads lower the likelihood of armed conflict?” To do this we propose a hard test of the Democratic Peace. Using an updated global sample of cases, we model joint democracy’s ability to lower the likelihood of armed conflict in the presence of direct external threats in the form of strategic rivalry and territorial contention. The empirical evidence we uncover systematically shows the Democratic Peace to be more limited than previously observed. When we control for each external threat with a simple right-hand-side variable, joint democracy continues to reduce conflict propensities. But when democracies face external threats (i.e. the interaction of democracy and threat), the pacifying effect of democracy is less visible.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

External threat and the limits of democratic pacifism

Ghatak

Gold

Prins

2016

Conflict Management and Peace Science

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“…12. For some of the mechanism through which such dynamic could work, see Darden and Mylonas (2016) and Gibler (2014) 13. Mylonas and Shelef (2014) propose such an argument in the context of the study of stateless nationalist movements.…”

Section: Disclosure Statementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Territorial designs and international politics: the diverging constitution of space and boundaries

Atzili

Kadercan

2017

Territory, Politics, Governance

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Territorial designs and international politics: the diverging constitution of space and boundaries. Territory, Politics, Governance. The debate about the role and direction of territory and territorialityespecially with respect to the politically and socially constructed nature of territoryhas been evident within political geography and political science, as well as in other disciplines, for some time. Interdisciplinary interaction over the study of territory, however, has so far been less than impressive. Aiming to enhance our understanding of the place of territory in international relations, broadly defined, and to bridge disciplinary divides, this paper introduces the concept of 'territorial designs'. Territorial designs pertain to the delineation of the external boundaries, to the constitution of the society within these boundaries, and to the interaction between delineation and constitution. It is a process by which elites, in interaction with their own society and their external environment, intentionally and systematically constitute and institutionalize territoriality, and hence also territory. Territorial designs framework, as the papers in this volume collectively highlight, sheds a light on four key areas: the strategic logic and interaction behind different territorial systems; the unintended consequences of such designs; the tensions between regional/ local territorial arrangements and global ones; and the roles that technology and knowledge play in the emergence of different forms of territoriality.

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“… 47 Park and Colaresi 2014, 119; see also Gibler 2014. We recognize that territorial peace proponents might object to studying non-contiguous dyads.…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

“… 65 We keep contiguous and non-contiguous states separate for theoretical and empirical reasons. Theoretically, the territorial peace applies only to contiguous states (Gibler 2012, 2014; Owsiak 2012). We are extending its logic to non-contiguous states, but doing so tenuously to address a potential criticism of our findings.…”

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confidence: 99%

The Cart and the Horse Redux: The Timing of Border Settlement and Joint Democracy

Owsiak¹,

Vasquez

2016

Brit. J. Polit. Sci.

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Do democratic dyads handle their disputes more peacefully than non-democratic dyads, or have they cleared the most contentious issues (that is, unsettled borders) off their foreign policy agenda before becoming democratic? This study compares the conflicting answers of the democratic peace and the territorial peace and examines the empirical record to see which is more accurate. It finds that almost all contiguous dyads settle their borders before they become joint democracies. Furthermore, the majority of non-contiguous dyad members also settle their borders with all neighboring states before their non-contiguous dyad becomes jointly democratic. Such findings are consistent with the theoretical expectations of the territorial peace, rather than the democratic peace. They also weaken a core argument of the democratic peace, for this analysis finds that one reason democratic dyads may handle their disputes more peacefully than non-democratic dyads is not because of their institutions or norms, but rather because they have dispensed with the disputes most likely to involve the use of military force prior to becoming democratic.

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Contiguous States, Stable Borders, and the Peace between Democracies

Cited by 8 publications

References 17 publications

External threat and the limits of democratic pacifism

External threat and the limits of democratic pacifism

Territorial designs and international politics: the diverging constitution of space and boundaries

The Cart and the Horse Redux: The Timing of Border Settlement and Joint Democracy

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