“…Eight open-cast mines and one underground mine are presently operating in Talcher, and two more open-cast mines are in the planning stage (MCL, 2018). 16 Talcher is one of India's fastest growing industrial centres (Garada, 2013a(Garada, , 2013b. In 2011, Talcher had a total population of 97,968, of which 53 per cent were male, and 47 per cent were female (Office of the Registrar General and Census Commissioner, 2011).…”
This article analyses the lived experiences of migrant workers in India under different regimes of coal mining and engages with their contemporary precarious labouring conditions and resilience. Drawing from ethnographic fieldwork undertaken in the Talcher coalfields of Odisha, I argue that the labouring lives of migrant workers from marginalised communities have been invisiblised in a ‘shadow economy’ of coal extraction through subcontracting and labour recruitment by local contractors working with state-owned coal companies. The process of invisiblisation has taken place at three levels: first, at the workplace which includes recruitment patterns, contracting systems and precarious labouring conditions inflicted by the employer; second, through the exclusion of migrant workers in the land and labour politics of local dispossessed communities for coal mining jobs; and finally, caused by the COVID-19 pandemic and the consequent lockdowns, observed as ‘invisible’ essential workers under the Essential Services Maintenance Act of 1981.
“…Eight open-cast mines and one underground mine are presently operating in Talcher, and two more open-cast mines are in the planning stage (MCL, 2018). 16 Talcher is one of India's fastest growing industrial centres (Garada, 2013a(Garada, , 2013b. In 2011, Talcher had a total population of 97,968, of which 53 per cent were male, and 47 per cent were female (Office of the Registrar General and Census Commissioner, 2011).…”
This article analyses the lived experiences of migrant workers in India under different regimes of coal mining and engages with their contemporary precarious labouring conditions and resilience. Drawing from ethnographic fieldwork undertaken in the Talcher coalfields of Odisha, I argue that the labouring lives of migrant workers from marginalised communities have been invisiblised in a ‘shadow economy’ of coal extraction through subcontracting and labour recruitment by local contractors working with state-owned coal companies. The process of invisiblisation has taken place at three levels: first, at the workplace which includes recruitment patterns, contracting systems and precarious labouring conditions inflicted by the employer; second, through the exclusion of migrant workers in the land and labour politics of local dispossessed communities for coal mining jobs; and finally, caused by the COVID-19 pandemic and the consequent lockdowns, observed as ‘invisible’ essential workers under the Essential Services Maintenance Act of 1981.
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