Contextual Positive Coping as a Factor Contributing to Resilience After Disasters

Shing, Elaine Z.; Jayawickreme, Eranda; Waugh, Christian E.

doi:10.1002/jclp.22327

Cited by 59 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 117 publications

(185 reference statements)

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“…Posttraumatic stress disorder appears to be the mental health outcome most strongly associated with operational risks, with the frequency of traumatic events emerging as a significant predictor for PTSD across various studies (Davidson, Hughes, & Blazer, ; Wrenn et al., ). However, previous research has also supported the resilience perspective, whereby positive coping strategies for previous traumas can build resilience and act as a protector of PTSD in future traumas (Hartley et al., ; Shing, Jayawickreme, & Waugh, ). This area should be further explored within a police context in order to better understand the cumulative impact of traumatic exposure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying the Key Risk Factors for Adverse Psychological Outcomes Among Police Officers: A Systematic Literature Review

Sherwood

Hegarty

Vallières

et al. 2019

Journal of Traumatic Stress

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It is well established that police work is highly stressful; however, a paucity of evidence limits our knowledge and understanding of the factors that may lead to, compromise, and/or compound psychological distress for this unique population. To address this lack, the current systematic review was conducted to reveal the individual, organizational, and operational risk factors that have been identified in the research literature to date and their associations with depression, anxiety, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and burnout. We performed searches on literature published between January 2008 and January 2018 and identified a total of 20 studies that met our inclusion criteria. The results indicated that individual factors, including high levels of neuroticism, low social support, and engaging in passive or avoidant coping strategies, were associated with adverse psychological outcomes. This review identified low social support from colleagues as the most common risk factor linked to adverse psychological outcomes. Other organizational risk factors associated with such outcomes included high work demands, low resources, and low reward. This article demonstrates that individual, organizational, and operational factors all impact the negative psychological outcomes of police officers to some degree. In particular, the current review suggests that certain negative psychological outcomes are likely a result of a combination of risk factors across the three domains of risk, highlighting the necessity to observe psychological risk of police in a more comprehensive way.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying the Key Risk Factors for Adverse Psychological Outcomes Among Police Officers: A Systematic Literature Review

Sherwood

Hegarty

Vallières

et al. 2019

Journal of Traumatic Stress

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“…These apparent 'residual complaints' reflect increased cognitive vulnerability for depression (e.g., Judd et al, 1998;Segal et al, 2006;ten Doesschate, Bockting, Koeter, & Schene, 2010), where existing treatments show limited effects in terms of preventing occurrence of future episodes (Beshai, Dobson, Bockting, & Quigley, 2011;Uher & Pavlova, 2016). As such, an important question remains how these different psychological constructs -which could be deemed as transdiagnostic cognitive risk or protective factors (e.g., Eysenck & Fajkowska, 2017;Hankin et al, 2016;Shing, Jayawickreme, & Waugh, 2016) -interact to promote stable remission rather than recurrence of internalizing disorders.…”

Section: Remission Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Between vulnerability and resilience: A network analysis of fluctuations in cognitive risk and protective factors following remission from depression

Hoorelbeke

Bergh

Wichers³

et al. 2019

Behaviour Research and Therapy

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Research exploring how cognitive risk-and protective factors relate following remission from internalizing disorders suggests a central role for resilience. However, it remains unclear what constitutes resilience in this context. Furthermore, previous studies have typically relied on crosssectional data which do not allow to map the temporal dynamics of such relations. Using a seven-day experience sampling period in 85 remitted depressed patients, we examined the interplay between five transdiagnostic vulnerability-and protective factors in daily life. We present a temporal, contemporaneous, and a between-subjects network, providing an in-depth analysis of how these factors relate to daily life fluctuations in residual symptomatology. Furthermore, we test the role of positive affect as a main resilience factor. Resilience uniquely predicted all other factors over time (temporal network). Higher levels of resilience were related to less momentary use of rumination, more deployment of positive appraisal, and lower occurrence of residual symptoms (contemporaneous network). Participants scoring high on resilience mostly engaged in positive appraisal (between-subjects network). Similar structures were obtained when substituting self-reported resilience by positive affect. This highlights the importance of resilience, and in particular, positive affectivity, to cope with stressors following remission. This may be fostered by facilitating the use of positive appraisal.

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“…The addition of interventions informed by positive psychology, self‐care, and resilience will increase the range of tools available to mental health professionals, nonmental health responders, and disaster survivors. As noted by Shing, Jayawickreme, and Waugh (, this volume), not all coping strategies are equally effective across different types of disasters. Instead, the authors discuss the importance of contextual coping, in which specific coping strategies fit the specific physical and psychological demands of the disaster at hand.…”

Section: Purpose In Life and Meaning After Disastersmentioning

confidence: 92%

Disaster Mental Health and Positive Psychology: An Afterward to the Special Issue

2016

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The articles in this Special Issue are devoted to integrating the fields of disaster mental health and positive psychology. Their focus on resilience building, individual and community preparation, meaning making, and posttraumatic growth represents an important new development in disaster mental health. The overarching goal of this effort is to inform strategies to help both individuals-including children, adolescent, adult disaster survivors, and relief workers-and communities prepare for, respond to, recover from, and possibly even grow stronger in the face of adversity. To achieve this goal, this body of literature suggests that it is important for disaster mental health workers to partner with community leaders, organizations, and the population at large to understand community vulnerabilities, take advantage of existing strengths, and respect cultural factors implicated in disaster recovery. It further suggests that an effective community-based approach to disaster recovery will make psychosocial support and skill-building programs available to large numbers of survivors, which is critical for responding to future national and international disasters. Continued high-quality research that is comprehensive and considers not only relevant psychological, social, cultural, and biological factors but also interrelations between individuals, organizations and communities is needed to advance this relatively new and important direction of the disaster mental health field.

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Contextual Positive Coping as a Factor Contributing to Resilience After Disasters

Abstract: This work represents an initial step in conceptualizing disaster resiliency within the framework of contextual positive coping. Recommendations for future avenues of research are discussed.

Cited by 59 publications

References 117 publications

Identifying the Key Risk Factors for Adverse Psychological Outcomes Among Police Officers: A Systematic Literature Review

Identifying the Key Risk Factors for Adverse Psychological Outcomes Among Police Officers: A Systematic Literature Review

Between vulnerability and resilience: A network analysis of fluctuations in cognitive risk and protective factors following remission from depression

Disaster Mental Health and Positive Psychology: An Afterward to the Special Issue

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