Contextual Integrity as a General Conceptual Tool for Evaluating Technological Change

O’Neill, Elizabeth

doi:10.1007/s13347-022-00574-8

Cited by 11 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 55 publications

(47 reference statements)

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“…Due to its focus on technical investigations, DCE's strength is a systematic evaluation of values with varying degrees of embeddedness and intentionality in the technology (Shilton et al, 2014) and it can be embedded in broader research frameworks such as the evaluation of technological change (O'Neill, 2022). The descriptive DCE approach applied in this research delivers insights into (opaque) technologies' embedded values and makes the connection between technologies' design and their impact visible.…”

Section: Disclosive Computer Ethicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Uncovering Digital Platforms’ Ethics and Politics: The Case of Airbnb

Spier

2024

Philos. Technol.

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The paper deploys the disclosive computer ethics (DCE) approach to reconstruct the ethics and politics of one of the sharing economy’s flagships—Airbnb. I investigate Airbnb’s technical design to identify the moral and political values that are embedded in the platform’s technology. I then analyze the platform’s ethics and politics towards a generalization of relevant ethical and political aspects by reconnecting them to the mechanisms, operations, rationales, and ideologies of the sharing economy in general. The paper contributes to the existing literature by linking between the ethics and politics of digital platforms and their technical design, using the case study of Airbnb. Additionally, it explores Airbnb as a specific platform technology with unique ethical and political values. Thus, the paper refutes the neutrality thesis and similar claims made by sharing economy platforms. Finally, the paper makes a methodological contribution to the literature on the ethics and politics of technology. It develops a practical DCE research methodology for uncovering the values, ethics, and politics of digital technologies.

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Section: Disclosive Computer Ethicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Uncovering Digital Platforms’ Ethics and Politics: The Case of Airbnb

Spier

2024

Philos. Technol.

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“…Privacy in this regard is pluralistic [ 21 ], meaning that the question about appropriateness takes into account the contextual situatedness of information flows. Contextual can, for example, refer to the societal and cultural backdrop of a situation, way of transmission of information, involved agents, and type of information in question [ 24 - 26 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cultural Implications Regarding Privacy in Digital Contact Tracing Algorithms: Method Development and Empirical Ethics Analysis of a German and a Japanese Approach to Contact Tracing

Haltaufderheide,

Viero,

Krämer

2023

J Med Internet Res

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Background Digital contact tracing algorithms (DCTAs) have emerged as a means of supporting pandemic containment strategies and protecting populations from the adverse effects of COVID-19. However, the impact of DCTAs on users’ privacy and autonomy has been heavily debated. Although privacy is often viewed as the ability to control access to information, recent approaches consider it as a norm that structures social life. In this regard, cultural factors are crucial in evaluating the appropriateness of information flows in DCTAs. Hence, an important part of ethical evaluations of DCTAs is to develop an understanding of their information flow and their contextual situatedness to be able to adequately evaluate questions about privacy. However, only limited studies and conceptual approaches are currently available in this regard. Objective This study aimed to develop a case study methodology to include contextual cultural factors in ethical analysis and present exemplary results of a subsequent analysis of 2 different DCTAs following this approach. Methods We conducted a comparative qualitative case study of the algorithm of the Google Apple Exposure Notification Framework as exemplified in the German Corona Warn App and the Japanese approach of Computation of Infection Risk via Confidential Locational Entries (CIRCLE) method. The methodology was based on a postphenomenological perspective, combined with empirical investigations of the technological artifacts within their context of use. An ethics of disclosure approach was used to focus on the social ontologies created by the algorithms and highlight their connection to the question about privacy. Results Both algorithms use the idea of representing a social encounter of 2 subjects. These subjects gain significance in terms of risk against the background of a representation of their temporal and spatial properties. However, the comparative analysis reveals 2 major differences. Google Apple Exposure Notification Framework prioritizes temporality over spatiality. In contrast, the representation of spatiality is reduced to distance without any direction or orientation. However, the CIRCLE framework prioritizes spatiality over temporality. These different concepts and prioritizations can be seen to align with important cultural differences in considering basic concepts such as subject, time, and space in Eastern and Western thought. Conclusions The differences noted in this study essentially lead to 2 different ethical questions about privacy that are raised against the respective backgrounds. These findings have important implications for the ethical evaluation of DCTAs, suggesting that a culture-sensitive assessment is required to ensure that technologies fit into their context and create less concern regarding their ethical acceptability. Methodologically, our study provides a basis for an intercultural approach to the ethics of disclosure, allowing for cross-cultural dialogue that can overcome mutual implicit biases and blind spots based on cultural differences.

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“…Spelling out the precise nature of social disruptions, as well as its ethical implications (e.g. Hopster, 2021b;O'Neill, 2022), remains a core focus within ESDiT. This chapter simply has a different focus.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethics of Socially Disruptive Technologies

2023

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Technologies shape who we are, how we organize our societies and how we relate to nature. For example, social media challenges democracy; artificial intelligence raises the question of what is unique to humans; and the possibility to create artificial wombs may affect notions of motherhood and birth. Some have suggested that we address global warming by engineering the climate, but how does this impact our responsibility to future generations and our relation to nature? This book shows how technologies can be socially and conceptually disruptive and investigates how to come to terms with this disruptive potential. Four technologies are studied: social media, social robots, climate engineering and artificial wombs. The authors highlight the disruptive potential of these technologies, and the new questions this raises. The book also discusses responses to conceptual disruption, like conceptual engineering, the deliberate revision of concepts.

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Contextual Integrity as a General Conceptual Tool for Evaluating Technological Change

Cited by 11 publications

References 55 publications

Uncovering Digital Platforms’ Ethics and Politics: The Case of Airbnb

Uncovering Digital Platforms’ Ethics and Politics: The Case of Airbnb

Cultural Implications Regarding Privacy in Digital Contact Tracing Algorithms: Method Development and Empirical Ethics Analysis of a German and a Japanese Approach to Contact Tracing

Ethics of Socially Disruptive Technologies

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