Contextual influences on Korean college students’ vocational identity development

Evaluation of a Blended Career Education Course during the COVID-19 Pandemic on Students’ Career Awareness

“…Female participants did not show a significant difference in identity achievement from their personality patterns (No difference in NHP, HP, and AP groups). This result confirmed that multi-contextual factors such as gender and cultural differences would mediated the identity formation [65,66]. Empirical studies indicated a relatively long history of gender and cultural differences in self-esteem [67,68] and self-efficacy [43].…”

Capturing the collectivist cultural dynamics of vocational identity formation in Macao: expanding the three-dimensional status model

“…Chinese psychologists have found that both traditional collective cultural values and individual-oriented values exist in the modern Chinese self-structure, which has been speculated to allow young people to respond to the new demands and opportunities in the modern Chinese life (Chen 2009;Yang 1995Yang , 2003Yang and Lu 2008). Social orientation in the Asian adolescents and emerging adults frequently present as interpersonal interactions, such as seeking support and suggestions from others together with personal inner reflection (Cheung and Arnold 2010;Lin et al 2007;Song et al 2016;Wang 2002). Ouyang et al (2016) found that the social orientation in college students in Macao was embodied in their perceptions and negotiations with social customs and interpersonal relationships, with most believing that it was important to obtain social approval and not challenge the vocational options conferred by others.…”

Psychosocial Development Factors Associated with Occupational and Vocational Identity Between Infancy and Adolescence

“…Penick and Jepsen (1992) found that family members' perception of family functioning significantly predicted participants' vocational identity. Similarly, Johnson et al (1999) and Song et al (2016) respectively reported that family functioning, cohesion, and expressiveness were related to vocational identity, with expressiveness being the most predictive, and that high functional family communication positively influenced occupational identity in achievement status. Nonetheless, Hartung et al (2002) found no association between vocational identity and perceived levels of cohesion and adaptability within the family, and Shin and Kelly (2013) found that family cohesion and expressiveness moderated the link between optimism and vocational identity for Korean but not American participants.…”

“…Carpe and Becker (1957) reported that occupational identity conflict occurred when disparities between parental and occupational expectations were present. Similarly, Nauta (2012) found that participants' vocational identity was associated with career interest agreement with their parents, and Song et al (2016) reported that participants in occupational identity …”

“…For example, nerds scored highest on investigative vocational interests, whereas freaks scored highest on artistic ones. Meeus and Dekovic (1995) identified peers as highly influential on participants' occupational identity development, and Song et al (2016) found that high peer attachment in foreclosure status and low peer attachment in diffusion status positively influenced the level of vocational identity. Nauta (2012), however, was unable to find a relationship between vocational identity and peer agreement with respect to career interests.…”