Contextual cueing impairment in patients with age-related macular degeneration

Geringswald, Franziska; Herbik, Anne; Hoffmann, Michael B.; Pollmann, Stefan

doi:10.1167/13.3.28

Cited by 43 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 46 publications

(74 reference statements)

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“…Gaze data were analyzed with a custom-made Python script applying an adaptive velocity-based algorithm based on the work by Nyström and Holmqvist (2010). We followed the procedures for obtaining saccades and fixations (intersaccadic events that exceeded a duration of 100 ms) as described in our previous work (for example, Geringswald, Herbik, Hoffmann, & Pollmann, 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impairment of visual memory for objects in natural scenes by simulated central scotomata

2016

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Because of the close link between foveal vision and the spatial deployment of attention, typically only objects that have been foveated during scene exploration may form detailed and persistent memory representations. In a recent study on patients suffering from age-related macular degeneration, however, we found surprisingly accurate visual long-term memory for objects in scenes. Normal exploration patterns that the patients had learned to rereference saccade targets to an extrafoveal retinal location. This rereferencing may allow use of an extrafoveal location as a focus of attention for efficient object encoding into long-term memory. Here, we tested this hypothesis in normal-sighted observers with gaze-contingent central scotoma simulations. As these observers were inexperienced in scene exploration with central vision loss and had not developed saccadic rereferencing, we expected deficits in long-term memory for objects. We used the same change detection task as in our patient study, probing sensitivity to object changes after a period of free scene exploration. Change detection performance was significantly reduced for two types of scotoma simulation diminishing foveal and parafoveal vision--a visible gray disc and a more subtle image warping--compared with unimpaired controls, confirming our hypothesis. The impact of a smaller scotoma covering specifically foveal vision was less distinct, leading to a marginally significant decrease of long-term memory performance compared with controls. We conclude that attentive encoding of objects is deficient when central vision is lost as long as successful saccadic rereferencing has not yet developed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impairment of visual memory for objects in natural scenes by simulated central scotomata

2016

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“…The dissociation between intact spatial context learning and deficient memory‐guided search facilitation in repeated displays that I have discussed with regard to visuospatial working memory load was also observed in studies of contextual cueing with foveal vision loss. Patients with age‐related macular degeneration (AMD), who suffer from progressive foveal vision loss, were found to show strongly reduced search facilitation in repeated displays in comparison with a closely matched control group (Geringswald, Herbik, Hoffmann, & Pollmann, ). To further investigate the processes behind this deficiency, normal‐sighted participants were tested with gaze‐contingent central scotoma simulations in a contextual cueing experiment (Geringswald & Pollmann, ).…”

Section: Top‐down Controlled Scene Exploration and Contextual Cueingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Working memory dependence of spatial contextual cueing for visual search

Pollmann

2018

British J of Psychology

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When spatial stimulus configurations repeat in visual search, a search facilitation, resulting in shorter search times, can be observed that is due to incidental learning. This contextual cueing effect appears to be rather implicit, uncorrelated with observers' explicit memory of display configurations. Nevertheless, as I review here, this search facilitation due to contextual cueing depends on visuospatial working memory resources, and it disappears when visuospatial working memory is loaded by a concurrent delayed match to sample task. However, the search facilitation immediately recovers for displays learnt under visuospatial working memory load when this load is removed in a subsequent test phase. Thus, latent learning of visuospatial configurations does not depend on visuospatial working memory, but the expression of learning, as memory-guided search in repeated displays, does. This working memory dependence has also consequences for visual search with foveal vision loss, where top-down controlled visual exploration strategies pose high demands on visuospatial working memory, in this way interfering with memory-guided search in repeated displays. Converging evidence for the contribution of working memory to contextual cueing comes from neuroimaging data demonstrating that distinct cortical areas along the intraparietal sulcus as well as more ventral parieto-occipital cortex are jointly activated by visual working memory and contextual cueing.

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“…In inefficient feature search, the distractors are either heterogeneous (e.g., Leonards, Sunaert, Hecke, & Orban, 2000), or they are visually similar to the target (e.g., Geringswald, Herbik, Hoffmann, & Pollmann, 2013;. To find the target, observers need to focus on the relevant features while suppressing the distracting ones.…”

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confidence: 99%

Differential brain mechanisms for processing distracting information in task‐relevant and ‐irrelevant dimensions in visual search

Wei

Müller³

et al. 2018

Human Brain Mapping

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A crucial function of our goal-directed behavior is to select task-relevant targets among distractor stimuli, some of which may share properties with the target and thus compete for attentional selection. Here, by applying functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to a visual search task in which a target was embedded in an array of distractors that were homogeneous or heterogeneous along the task-relevant (orientation or form) and/or task-irrelevant (color) dimensions, we demonstrate that for both (orientation) feature search and (form) conjunction search, the fusiform gyrus is involved in processing the task-irrelevant color information, while the bilateral frontal eye fields (FEF), the cortex along the left intraparietal sulcus (IPS), and the left junction of intraparietal and transverse occipital sulci (IPTO) are involved in processing task-relevant distracting information, especially for target-absent trials. Moreover, in conjunction (but not in feature) search, activity in these frontoparietal regions is affected by stimulus heterogeneity along the task-irrelevant dimension: heterogeneity of the task-irrelevant information increases the activity in these regions only when the task-relevant information is homogeneous, not when it is heterogeneous. These findings suggest that differential neural mechanisms are involved in processing task-relevant and task-irrelevant dimensions of the searched-for objects. In addition, they show that the top-down task set plays a dominant role in determining whether or not task-irrelevant information can affect the processing of the task-relevant dimension in the frontoparietal regions.

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Contextual cueing impairment in patients with age-related macular degeneration

Cited by 43 publications

References 46 publications

Impairment of visual memory for objects in natural scenes by simulated central scotomata

Impairment of visual memory for objects in natural scenes by simulated central scotomata

Working memory dependence of spatial contextual cueing for visual search

Differential brain mechanisms for processing distracting information in task‐relevant and ‐irrelevant dimensions in visual search

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