Context effects in visual length perception: Role of ocular, retinal, and spatial location

Arieh, Yoav; Marks, Lawrence Ε.

doi:10.3758/bf03194719

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…These findings suggest that the contextual effects result from a stimulus-specific, adaptation-like process [24–27]: the more intense the contextual stimuli, the greater the contrast (in hearing, the effect has come to be called ‘induced loudness reduction’ [27]). In hearing and vision, weak stimuli do not show these effects [25,26]. Strong contextual stimuli reduce the perceived intensity of weaker stimuli, but weak contextual stimuli have little or no effect on the perceived intensity of stronger ones.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flavor-intensity perception: Effects of stimulus context

Marks

Shepard

Burger

et al. 2012

Physiology & Behavior

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Stimulus context affects judgments of intensity of both gustatory and olfactory flavors, and the contextual effects are modality-specific. Does context also exert separate effects on the gustatory and olfactory components of flavor mixtures? To answer this question, in each of 4 experiments, subjects rated the perceived intensity of 16 mixtures constructed by combining 4 concentrations of the gustatory flavorant sucrose with 4 concentrations of the retronasal olfactory flavorant citral. In 1 contextual condition of each experiment, concentrations of sucrose were relatively high and those of citral low; in the other condition, the relative concentrations of sucrose and citral reversed. There were 2 main results: First, consistent with earlier findings, in 5 of the 8 conditions, the ratings were consistent with linear addition of perceived sucrose and citral; departures from additivity appeared, however, in 3 conditions where the relative concentrations of citral were high. Second, changes in context produced contrast (adaptation-like changes) in perceived intensity: The contribution to perceived intensity of a given concentration of a flavorant was smaller when the contextual concentrations of that flavorant were high rather than low. A notable exception was the absence of contextual effects on the perceived intensity of near-threshold citral. These findings suggest that the contextual effects may arise separately in the gustatory and olfactory channels, prior to the integration of perceived flavor intensity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flavor-intensity perception: Effects of stimulus context

Marks

Shepard

Burger

et al. 2012

Physiology & Behavior

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“…These results are consistent with the hypothesis that line-length recalibration results from an adaptation-like process that is orientation specific (in at least the early stages of processing line length in the visual cortex, representations are segregated by orientation) but not color specific (with no color-dependent channels processing length). Recently, Arieh and Marks (2002) showed that orientation-dependent recalibration of perceived line length does not transfer between the eyes or between adjacent regions of the retina. These findings too are consistent with processes located early in the visual pathway, and they are readily compatible with the main conclusion of the present study: namely, that auditory recalibration reflects changes based on sensory and not decisional processes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recalibrating the auditory system: A speed-accuracy analysis of intensity perception.

Arieh

Marks

2003

Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Perfor

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Recalibration in loudness perception refers to an adaptation-like change in relative responsiveness to auditory signals of different sound frequencies. Listening to relatively weak tones at one frequency and stronger tones at another makes the latter appear softer. The authors showed recalibration not only in magnitude estimates of loudness but also in simple response times (RTs) and choice RTs. RTs depend on sound intensity and may serve as surrogates for loudness. Most important, the speeded classification paradigm also provided measures of errors. RTs and errors can serve jointly to distinguish changes in sensitivity from changes in response criterion. The changes in choice RT under different recalibrating conditions were not accompanied by changes in error rates predicted by the speed-accuracy tade-off. These results lend support to the hypothesis that loudness recalibration does not result from shifting decisional criteria but instead reflects a change in the underlying representation of auditory intensity.

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“…Future research should assess whether this acts as a boundary condition to the suggested framing effects and whether absolute image size also biases the results (as suggested by Prinzmetal & Gettleman, ; Yang et al, ). Finally, future research could explore moderators of size perception (e.g., working memory load [Coren & Porac, ], profession [Phillips et al, ]) or generalize our findings from mobile phone to other contextual framing effects (Arieh & Marks, ). Further, high framing ratios might interact with perceived visual complexity (Ketron, ) or crowding on small mobile screens (Sohn, Seegebarth, & Moritz, ).…”

Section: Limitations and Future Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

The interaction effect of mobile phone screen and product orientation on perceived product size

Schmidt

Maier

2019

Psychology and Marketing

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Perceived product size is a key concern in online retail, particularly in fashion and grocery. The screen on which consumers view a product (e.g., desktop or mobile) might constitute a frame that biases size perception, on the basis of assimilation and contrast effects (pool and store theory). The rise of mobile commerce exacerbates this issue, as framing effects might be stronger versus desktop settings as screens are smaller. Further, as mobile phone's screen orientation varies situationally (vertical vs. horizontal), the perceived product size might vary, depending on the interaction of screen and product orientation. By introducing the framing ratio as a means to predict extent, dimensionality and symmetry of size biases, we generalize specific findings from extant research. Empirically, four experimental studies demonstrate that contextual frames (i.e., vertical vs. horizontal screens) and product orientation (e.g., jeans vs. shoes) interact to bias the size perception, in that sizes are overestimated on the dimension that approaches the frame (high framing ratio), compared with conditions where the frame is distant (low framing ratio). If product size is misperceived, willingness to pay might be affected (e.g., for groceries). Thus, size perceptions have a direct impact on managerially relevant variables.

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Context effects in visual length perception: Role of ocular, retinal, and spatial location

Cited by 11 publications

References 37 publications

Flavor-intensity perception: Effects of stimulus context

Flavor-intensity perception: Effects of stimulus context

Recalibrating the auditory system: A speed-accuracy analysis of intensity perception.

The interaction effect of mobile phone screen and product orientation on perceived product size

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