“…There are many proposed machine learning (ML) algorithms for HAR prediction, with the five main types of algorithms as follows: algorithms based on fuzzy logic (FL) ( Medjahed et al, 2009 ; Schneider and Banerjee, 2021 ), algorithms based on probabilities ( Maswadi et al, 2021 ; Schneider and Banerjee, 2021 ), algorithms based on rules ( Hartmann et al, 2022 ; Radhika et al, 2022 ), algorithms based on distance ( Agac et al, 2021 ; Fahad and Tahir, 2021 ), and optimization-based approaches ( Muralidharan et al, 2021 ; Nguyen et al, 2021 ). The six actions recognized in HAR, including exercise, lying down, sitting, standing up, walking, and sleeping, are recognized by fuzzy rule-based inference systems using FL ( Medjahed et al, 2009 ).…”