Context and regulation of homeschooling: Issues, evidence, and assessment practices.

Abstract

The article discusses salient factors that influence the current context within which homeschooling occurs. Individual states have applied various approaches to establish regulations that both preserve the rights of homeschooling parents and fulfill the state's obligation to ensure that its residents receive the education to which they are constitutionally entitled. Case and ethnographic studies or research involving small and selected samples often appear in outlets associated with homeschool advocacy groups or in outlets that are not mainstream. The paucity of empirical evidence derived from methodologically strong research paradigms has led to little certainty about many aspects of homeschooling including its effectiveness in preparing an educated citizenry. From state to state, the understanding and definition of homeschooling varies widely, leading to equally wide variations in regulatory practices. The article documents and summarizes state-to-state variations in matters pertaining to homeschooling, and offers recommendations to help school psychologists work more effectively with students who are educated at home.

School Performance among Children and Adolescents during COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review

“…Homeschooling was a preferable means adopted by various educational settings and countries around the world [ 5 ]. As a pedagogical method, homeschooling has been well established since the 1970s in some countries such as the US, where parents, relatives, or tutors provided basic education at home [ 6 ]. During that time, concerns were raised regarding students’ assessments, school performance, and socialization, as well as educational materials for students with special educational needs [ 6 ].…”

“…As a pedagogical method, homeschooling has been well established since the 1970s in some countries such as the US, where parents, relatives, or tutors provided basic education at home [ 6 ]. During that time, concerns were raised regarding students’ assessments, school performance, and socialization, as well as educational materials for students with special educational needs [ 6 ]. Students need to feel that they act and learn in a safe environment where they are given instructions about which learning strategies to follow or consultation about interpersonal relationships that blossom in the school context [ 7 ].…”

Hybrid homeschools: Organization, regulatory environments and reactions to COVID-19

“…Though legal in every state in the U.S., in practical terms, homeschooling regulation varies widely among states. According to Carlson (2020), "State-to-state variability in homeschooling regulations cannot be overstated. These regulations affect many aspects of homeschooling-from what is taught to who may teach it, from filing notice to reporting progress, from seeking special education services to participating in extracurricular activities, and from documenting achievement to assessment practices" (p. 11).…”

Umiejętność operowania wiedzą i wyższe funkcje poznawcze uczniów edukacji domowej

“…Warto jednak zauważyć, że wyniki badań porównawczych nad skutecznością edukacji domowej i edukacji zinstytucjonalizowanej są niejednoznaczne, obciążone niedociągnięciami metodologicznymi. Badane grupy uczniów edukacji domowej są zwykle małe (Carlson, 2020), a rodzice zgadzający się na badania stanowią elitę edukacyjną (West, 2009). Warto zauważyć, że rodzice decydujący się na edukację domową bardziej inwestują w rozwój swoich dzieci.…”

“…Rodzice prowadzący edukację domową są często wspierani przez stowarzyszenia i organizacje społeczne akceptujące tę formę uczenia dzieci. W USA najbardziej znaną i najbardziej wpływową organizacją jest Home School Legal Defense Association (HSLDA) (Carlson, 2020). W Polsce działa między innymi Fundacja Edukacji Domowej oraz Centrum Nauczania Domowego, które zapewnia kompleksowe wsparcie edukacyjne i dydaktyczne w formie dostępu do Internetowej Platformy Edukacyjnej, w formie lekcji online z doświadczonym nauczycielem, scenariuszy zajęć lekcyjnych i repetytoriów, wsparcie przez nauczycieli i pedagogów, na-wiązanie przyjaźni z edukatorami domowymi z całej Polski.…”