Contested leadership and the governance of COVID-19 in Brazil: The role of local government and community activism

Ortega, Francisco; Béhague, Dominique P.

doi:10.1080/17441692.2022.2028304

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…These authors noted that Bolsonaro and the members of his cabinet intensified their abdication of responsibility for public health governance during the pandemic, mainly through denialism of scientific evidence, dissemination of fake news, and freezing of public health funding [ 33 ]. Functions ascribed to the public mechanism were then transferred to actors outside of the state, most commonly to civil society organizations [ 33 , 35 ]. Our case study found very similar results as we will discuss in this section.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stepping into the Void: Lessons Learned from Civil Society Organizations during COVID-19 in Rio de Janeiro

Pereira

Elliott

Cárdenas

2023

IJERPH

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Brazil experienced some of the highest rates of COVID-19 globally. This was complicated by the fact that 35 million of its citizens have limited access to water, a primary resource necessary to stem the spread of infectious diseases. In many cases, civil society organizations (CSOs) stepped into this void left by responsible authorities. This paper explores how CSOs in Rio de Janeiro helped populations struggling with access to water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) during the pandemic, and what coping strategies are transferable to similar contexts. In-depth interviews (n = 15) were conducted with CSO representatives in the metropolitan region of Rio de Janeiro. Thematic analysis of the interviews revealed that COVID-19 exacerbated pre-existing social inequities among vulnerable populations, undermining their ability to protect their health. CSOs provided emergency relief aid but faced the counterproductive actions of public authorities who promoted a narrative that diminished the risks of COVID-19 and the importance of non-pharmacological interventions. CSOs fought this narrative by promoting sensitization among vulnerable populations and partnering with other stakeholders in networks of solidarity, playing a vital role in the distribution of health-promoting services. These strategies are transferrable to other contexts where state narratives oppose public health understandings, particularly for extremely vulnerable populations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stepping into the Void: Lessons Learned from Civil Society Organizations during COVID-19 in Rio de Janeiro

Pereira

Elliott

Cárdenas

2023

IJERPH

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“…Moreover, the study shows a positive association between the perception of state governments' performance and compliance with NPIs [42], contrary to the results at the federal level. This could be explained by the fact that state governors managed NPIs without federal support [24,42].…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Concerning WHO, Media and SUS, there is a positive association between performance evaluations and compliance with NPIs [3,24]. In a world with increasing fake news and misinformation, a partnership between health care international organization and media organizations can be fundamental to improve compliance with NPIs.…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The amount and frequency with which COVID-19 related news were and are spread can affect perceptions on institutions' performance and influence the population's compliance with NPIs [7,18,19]. This influence can vary through different levels of governmental institutions, ranging from federal government [9,[20][21][22], to the executive, legislative and judiciary powers of the Brazilian State [17,23,24], as well as international institutions, e.g. World Health Organization [25][26][27][28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Perceptions of institutional performance and compliance to non-pharmaceutical interventions: How performance perceptions and policy compliance affect public health in a decentralized health system

et al. 2023

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Trust in institutions is a key driver to shape population attitudes and behavior, such as compliance of non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPI). During the COVID-19 pandemic, this was fundamental and its compliance was supported by governmental and non-governmental institutions. Nevertheless, the situation of political polarization in some countries with decentralized health systems increased the difficulty of such interventions. This study analyzes the association between non-pharmaceutical interventions’ compliance and individual perception regarding institutions’ performance during the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil. A web survey was conducted in Brazil between November 2020 and February 2021. Bivariate analysis and ordered logit regressions were performed to assess the association between NPIs compliance and perceived institutions’ performance. Results suggest a negative association between NPIs’ compliance and Federal Government and Ministry of health perceived performance, which may reflect the political positioning of the respondents. Moreover, we find a positive association between NPI compliance and the perceived performance of the remaining institutions (state government, federal supreme court, national congress, WHO, media and SUS). Our contribution goes beyond the study of a relationship between non-pharmaceutical interventions’ compliance and institutions’ performance, by pointing out the importance of subnational and local governmental spheres in a decentralized health system, as well as highlighting the importance of social communication based on health organizations’ information and scientific institutions.

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“…For example, Marston et al (2020) argue that governments should be in dialogue with citizens, look to existing community groups and networks to build a coordinated response, and implement changes in policy that incorporate residents' views. In order to explore how community needs, desires, and aspirations were or were not addressed, scholars have been interrogating the role, form, and impacts of grassroots governance ( Roels et al, 2022 ; Zollet et al, 2021 ), particularly in places where formal institutions lacked sufficient resources to mount a comprehensive response ( Dutta & Fischer, 2021 ; Ortega & Béhague, 2021 ). Acknowledging that this literature has interrogated connections between governance models and the characteristics of grassroots responses to the crisis, the importance and nature of the relational fabric between formal institutions and grassroots actors remains unexplored.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationships are everything: The underpinnings of grassroots community action in the COVID-19 pandemic in Toronto

Jackson

Morgan

Gloger³

et al. 2023

Cities

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Contested leadership and the governance of COVID-19 in Brazil: The role of local government and community activism

Cited by 9 publications

References 42 publications

Stepping into the Void: Lessons Learned from Civil Society Organizations during COVID-19 in Rio de Janeiro

Stepping into the Void: Lessons Learned from Civil Society Organizations during COVID-19 in Rio de Janeiro

Perceptions of institutional performance and compliance to non-pharmaceutical interventions: How performance perceptions and policy compliance affect public health in a decentralized health system

Relationships are everything: The underpinnings of grassroots community action in the COVID-19 pandemic in Toronto

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