Contested law: Slow Response to Demands for Reformulating Protected Area Legal Framework in Nepal

Paudel, Naya Sharma; Jana, Sudeep; Jailab, K

doi:10.3126/jfl.v10i1.8603

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 17 publications

(9 reference statements)

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“…Depsite the growing coverage of PAs in Nepal, there is an increasing incidences of park-people conflict. In several occasions, creation and management of PAs are the breeding ground of conflicts (Paudel et. al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Park–People Interaction and Public Perceptions towards Parsa Wildlife Reserve, Nepal

Thapa¹

2016

J. Forest & Livelihood

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Protected areas (PAs) are established to conserve biodiversity and ecosystems. PAs also provide natural resources to local people that support their livelihoods. However, local people residing nearby PAs often face diverse costs that may influence their overall attitude towards PAs. This actually determines the degree of participation and support of local people in nature conservation. This paper assesses the attitude of local people towards PAs taking a case of Parsa Wildlife Reserve (PWR). The research methods employed were household survey followed by focus group discussions, key informant’s interview and participant observation. This study found that the local people in and around the PWR have negative attitude towards it. Only 34 per cent liked its presence whereas 58 per cent of the respondents were not happy to be included in the buffer zone. Reasons for disliking the reserve was mainly due to wildlife damage; restrictions in resource use; and arrest and prosecution by the park authorities. In contrast, reasons for liking the reserve were the opportunities for natural resource use, biodiversity conservation, and tourism/business. The paper concludes that by addressing the negative attitudes of local people helps the reserve authority to enhance long term sustainability of PWR.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Park–People Interaction and Public Perceptions towards Parsa Wildlife Reserve, Nepal

Thapa¹

2016

J. Forest & Livelihood

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“…Ineffective governance of PAs is common wherever top‐down decision‐making, lack of procedural obligations, local power dynamics, and poor transparency hinder successful opposition to proposed PADDD events (Dawson et al, 2018; de Koning et al, 2017; Morea, 2019; Paudel et al, 2013). PA staff in our case study struggled to manage and prevent PADDD events because legal processes, including proposed boundary and regulatory changes, often lacked transparency with few opportunities for participation by NGOs or PA managers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protected area downgrading, downsizing, and degazettement in Cambodia: Enabling conditions and opportunities for intervention

Nuttall

Olsson

Washington³

et al. 2023

Conservat Sci and Prac

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Protected area (PA) sustainability is challenged worldwide by legal downgrading, downsizing, and degazettement (PADDD). National and local case studies of ecologically destructive PADDD events provide useful insights that may help respond to or prevent future events. Using information from legal documents and expert input, we identified 37 PADDD events that affected two adjacent PAs in northeastern Cambodia differently despite similar economic, environmental, and social conditions. Important differences in local context led to the eventual degazettement (100% loss) of one PA and downsizing (10.49% loss) of the other, the rest of which remains protected. This case study confirms the contribution of secure Indigenous land tenure to durable conservation governance and demonstrates the importance of investing in site‐level capacity to ensure that social and ecological conditions are monitored and proposed PADDD events can be successfully challenged.

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“…Despite all the optimism stated above in the context of Nepal, McLean and Straede (2003) argue that PAs have been managed with a low level of community participation and benefit-sharing with a thrust still on preservation-oriented management paradigm. Though the provisions of buffer zones -co-managed with local population -demand community participation in affaris of conservation and development, these are also seen as an extension of the park warden's authority beyond the park boundaries, and are frought with numerous socio-economic challenges (Paudel et al 2012). This also makes it imperative to inquire CBC in CNP.…”

Section: Management Of Pas Affect Local Livelihoodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Community Based Conservation: Redefining Boundaries

Joshi

2016

J. Forest & Livelihood

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Conservation and management of biodiversity is complex and a localized phenomenon in the Terai Arc Landscape (TAL) which is inhabited by 7.4 million people out of which 25 per cent are still below the poverty line. There is significant interaction between the human and natural resources with diverse values of biodiversity and ecosytem services to the local populations. The implications of variations in terms of dependence on natural resources are that conservation and management strategies broadly vary across the landscape. Success and failures of conservation strategy/approach cannot commonly be extrapolated across this diverse landscape. While many projects in TAL have failed, some have succeeded too and is shaped by multiple factors including the type and level of human interactions with biodiversity. This review article provides reflections on experiences of decades of Community Based Conservation (CBC) in Nepal with a specific focus on Chitwan National Park and its buffer zone located in TAL. CBC confronts newer challenges and issues pertaining to inadequate mechanisms to address communities beyond buffer zones in a scenario where conservation needs to move beyond the conventional boundaries of parks and buffer zones, equitable benefit sharing, inequalities within communities, increasing human-wildlife conflicts, ecotourism, nexus of poverty-livelihood and conservation. However, CBC offers greater potentials and opportunities for greater local community engagement in a changing context to reconcile local development with conservation.

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Contested law: Slow Response to Demands for Reformulating Protected Area Legal Framework in Nepal

Cited by 7 publications

References 17 publications

Park–People Interaction and Public Perceptions towards Parsa Wildlife Reserve, Nepal

Park–People Interaction and Public Perceptions towards Parsa Wildlife Reserve, Nepal

Protected area downgrading, downsizing, and degazettement in Cambodia: Enabling conditions and opportunities for intervention

Community Based Conservation: Redefining Boundaries

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