Contested bodies: Property models and the commodification of human biological artefacts

Parry, Bronwyn; Gere, Cathy

doi:10.1080/09505430600708036

Cited by 38 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…First, organoids constitute biotechnological artefacts 46. An artefact can be defined as an object made by a person; biotechnology entails the usage of living things in industrial processes.…”

Section: Exchange Of Organoids: Questioning the Two Dichotomiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organoids as hybrids: ethical implications for the exchange of human tissues

2018

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Recent developments in biotechnology allow for the generation of increasingly complex products out of human tissues, for example, human stem cell lines, synthetic embryo-like structures and organoids. These developments are coupled with growing commercial interests. Although commercialisation can spark the scientific and clinical promises, profit-making out of human tissues is ethically contentious and known to raise public concern. The traditional bioethical frames of gift versus market are inapt to capture the resulting practical and ethical complexities. Therefore, we propose an alternative approach to identify, evaluate and deal with the ethical challenges that are raised by the increasing commercialisation of the exchange of sophisticated human tissue products. We use organoid technology, a cutting-edge stem cell technology that enables the cultivation of ‘mini-organs’ in a dish, as an example. First, we examine the moral value of organoids and recognise them as hybrids that relate to persons and their bodies as well as to technologies and markets in ambiguous ways. Second, we show that commercialisation of organoids is legitimised by a detachment of the instrumental and commercial value of organoids from their associations with persons and their bodies. This detachment is enacted in steps of disentanglement, among which consent and commodification. Third, we contend that far-reaching disentanglement is ethically challenging: (1) Societal interests could be put under pressure, because the rationale for commercialising organoid technology, that is, to stimulate biomedical innovation for the good of society, may not be fulfilled; (2) The interests of donors are made subordinate to those of third parties and the relational moral value of organoids may be insufficiently recognised. Fourth, we propose a ‘consent for governance’ model that contributes to responsible innovation and clinical translation in this exciting field.

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Section: Exchange Of Organoids: Questioning the Two Dichotomiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organoids as hybrids: ethical implications for the exchange of human tissues

2018

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“…Les nouvelles demandes exigent une classification de l'objet et des normes techniques précises (cf. Parry et al, 2006) sont inscrites dans ces objets, au moment même où ils sont produits (Franklin, 2003). La façon dont ces objets sont recueillis, entreposés et distribués fait partie du procédé qui les rend particuliers, susceptibles de remplir des fonctions précises.…”

Section: Formes De Vie Embryonnaireunclassified

Anthropologie des objets-frontières humains

Hoeyer

2011

socsoc

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L’anthropologie est définie comme l’étude de l’être humain (anthrôpos) ; mais où peut-on localiser le sujet de cette discipline ? Dans cet article, je propose d’explorer un type particulier d’entités que j’appelle les objets-frontières humains. Ces entités peuvent simultanément appartenir ou non au corps humain, relever de la personne et de la chose, du soi et du non-soi. La biomédecine actuelle repose en grande partie sur l’utilisation de tels objets, tant pour la recherche que pour le traitement. Cet article vise à montrer qu’ils constituent de nouveaux sites productifs pour l’analyse de thèmes classiques comme l’identité, la catégorisation et la liminalité. À partir d’exemples concrets, il s’agit de comprendre comment de tels espaces facilitent l’étude des négociations actuelles de l’identité dans la fabrique d’une nouvelle vie (traitement contre l’infertilité), la reconstruction du corps (technologie liée à la transplantation) et même la mort (incinération).

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“…Many studies of classification practices examine scientific work (e.g. Goodwin 2000;Roth 2005;Dupré 2006;Parry and Gere 2006;Sommerlund 2006) that is characterized not so much by more clear-cut and enclosed categories-here, Sommerlund (2006, 917) speaks about the 'epistemic ideal of exactness' in the sciences-in comparison to other fields, but primarily as being based on what DiMaggio (1987, 449) calls professional classifications, i.e. classifications made by professional scientists.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Sorting people out: The uses of one-dimensional classificatory schemes in a multi-dimensional world

Diedrich

Eriksson‐Zetterquist

Styhre

2011

Culture and Organization

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This paper examines how people are classified as part of a labour market project aimed at establishing a process for recognizing prior learning among immigrants to Sweden in order to integrate them more quickly with the labour market and society. The paper suggests that, in Sweden, this work prioritizes procedural effectiveness over a more comprehensive understanding of the competence and qualifications of the immigrant worker. By exploring the process of classification in which cognitive structuring of the perceived world results in organizational, administrative and structural enactment, the study provides further insights into how practices of classification are a central part of organizational life. The concept of intersectionality contributes by showing how individuals are situated at the intersection of a variety of classificatory schemes, and together with classification, intersectionality points to how organizational categories are never given, but a result of bureaucratic power procedures strengthening, weakening and/or negotiating away categories used to sort people out.

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Contested bodies: Property models and the commodification of human biological artefacts

Cited by 38 publications

References 12 publications

Organoids as hybrids: ethical implications for the exchange of human tissues

Organoids as hybrids: ethical implications for the exchange of human tissues

Anthropologie des objets-frontières humains

Sorting people out: The uses of one-dimensional classificatory schemes in a multi-dimensional world

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