Contents of "ecstasy"

Wolff, Kim; Hay, AlastairW.M.; Sherlock, Kellie; Conner, Mark

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(95)91774-8

Cited by 82 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…These included problems with sampling and reliability of selfreported drug histories (eg Morgan, 2000;Wolff et al, 1995). The present study did not employ assays to confirm selfreported alcohol and substance use prior to testing.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Elevated Impulsivity and Impaired Decision-Making in Abstinent Ecstasy (MDMA) Users Compared to Polydrug and Drug-Naïve Controls

Morgan

Impallomeni

Pirona

et al. 2005

Neuropsychopharmacol

111

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Elevated Impulsivity and Impaired Decision-Making in Abstinent Ecstasy (MDMA) Users Compared to Polydrug and Drug-Naïve Controls

Morgan

Impallomeni

Pirona

et al. 2005

Neuropsychopharmacol

111

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“…As a result, there was no objective confirmation of the dose or purity of MDMA taken. Tablets sold as "ecstasy" can contain MDA (3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine), MDEA (3,4-ethylenedioxyethylamphetamine), or mixtures of a range of other compounds (e.g., amphetamine, caffeine, ephedrine, ketamine, and LSD), (Saunders 1995;Wolff et al 1995). However, although some tablets sold as "ecstasy" contain little or no MDMA, the majority do contain MDMA, or the related compound MDEA, and because participants in the second study reported having taken an average of 50 ecstasy tablets, of which the most common were the "white dove" type, which typically contain 88 to 140 mg of MDMA (Wolff et al 1995), it would seem reasonable to conclude that they had, indeed, consumed a significant quantity of MDMA.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recreational Use of “Ecstasy” (MDMA) Is Associated with Elevated Impulsivity

Morgan

1998

Neuropsychopharmacology

260

242

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“…The consistency with which these serotonergic alterations are observed after repeated administrations of MDMA suggests that this compound certainly possesses the capacity to alter neurochemistry in a persistent manner, but considerable controversy exists surrounding the applicability of the dose regimen commonly utilized to induce these effects in comparison with recreational use of MDMA by humans. Among human users, during a given night of drug taking, a consumption of two to three 60-150 mg (Kirsch 1996;Wolf et al 1995;Cole et al 2002) ecstasy pills is typical. Some users may of course consume more pills, but less than 10% of human MDMA users are exposed to the drug more frequently than once per week (Winstock et al 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reinforcing effects of methylenedioxy amphetamine congeners in rhesus monkeys: are intravenous self-administration experiments relevant to MDMA neurotoxicity?

Fantegrossi

2006

Psychopharmacology

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Rationale: Many animal models relevant to the persistent effects of drugs of abuse necessitate the application of interspecies dose scaling procedures to approximate drug administration regimens in humans, but drug self-administration procedures differ in that they allow animal subjects to control their own drug intake. Objectives: This report reviews the reinforcing effects of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), its enantiomers, and several structural analogs in rhesus monkeys, paying particular attention to the pharmacological mechanisms of such reinforcing effects, the development of structure activity relationships among these compounds, the stability of MDMA self-administration behavior over time, and the persistent effects of selfadministered MDMA on monoamines. Results: The methylenedioxy amphetamine congeners MDMA, 3, 4-methylenedioxyamphetamine, N-ethyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine, and N-methyl-1-(3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)-2-butanamine function as reinforcers in rhesus monkeys, maintaining self-administration behavior greater than that engendered by contingent saline but less than that engendered by traditional psychostimulants. These findings are remarkable as structurally distinct serotonergic hallucinogen-like drugs do not maintain reliable selfadministration in laboratory animals. During prolonged MDMA self-administration, MDMA-maintained responding progressively weakens, and MDMA eventually fails to maintain significant self-administration. The neurochemical correlates of this effect have not yet been identified. Conclusions: Procedures in which MDMA and related compounds are self-administered can be established in rhesus monkeys. These techniques can be used to engender contingent MDMA exposure without resorting to controversial methods of interspecies dose scaling. As such, further application of self-administration methods may provide important new insights into the persistent effects of MDMA on brain and behavior in nonhuman primates.

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Contents of "ecstasy"

Cited by 82 publications

References 2 publications

Elevated Impulsivity and Impaired Decision-Making in Abstinent Ecstasy (MDMA) Users Compared to Polydrug and Drug-Naïve Controls

Elevated Impulsivity and Impaired Decision-Making in Abstinent Ecstasy (MDMA) Users Compared to Polydrug and Drug-Naïve Controls

Recreational Use of “Ecstasy” (MDMA) Is Associated with Elevated Impulsivity

Reinforcing effects of methylenedioxy amphetamine congeners in rhesus monkeys: are intravenous self-administration experiments relevant to MDMA neurotoxicity?

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