Content-Oriented Disaster Network Utilizing Named Node Routing and Field Experiment Evaluation

Abstract

Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) is designed for low-bandwidth, low-power, long-distance, large-scale connected IoT applications and realistic for networking in an emergency or restricted situation, so it has been proposed as an attractive communication technology to handle unexpected situations that occur during and/or after a disaster. However, the traditional LPWAN with its default protocol will reduce the communication efficiency in disaster situation because a large number of users will send and receive emergency information result in communication jams and soaring error rates. In this paper, we proposed a LPWAN based decentralized network structure as an extension of our previous Disaster Information Sharing System (DISS). Our network structure is powered by Named Node Networking (3N) which is based on the Information-Centric Networking (ICN). This network structure optimizes the excessive useless packet forwarding and path optimization problems with node name routing (NNR). To verify our proposal, we conduct a field experiment to evaluate the efficiency of packet path forwarding between 3N+LPWA structure and ICN+LPWA structure. Experimental results confirm that the load of the entire data transmission network is significantly reduced after NNR optimized the transmission path. key words: disaster network, information-centric networking, named node networking, low bandwidth wide area network IntroductionWith increasing frequency and intensity of natural disasters, the impact of various disasters on large urban areas is rising, so it is essential to focus on the critical issue of facilitating communications during and after the disaster. In the aftermath of a disaster, communication networks became more and more stressed. It is due to the heavier traffic and potential capacity loss due to infrastructure damage. However, in the event of such a disaster, communications should be provided to deliver emergency information, such as real-time evacuation information and SOS message, to the first responder or government authorities [1].It is now feasible to provide low-cost, low-powered networks that can cover a wide range of areas, such as Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) [2], [3]. These technologies allow the deployment and management of sensors using low-power wide-area clients, and the sensor network's Manuscript test link can operate up to 25 kilometers [4]. However, the required type of communication in a destructive disaster scenario is primarily information-centric in nature, such as the rapid propagation of warnings and evacuation plans, or the critical content from legitimate authorities to reach all users timely. It is important to shift the focus on disaster communication from being an afterthought to being a first class citizen, exploiting emerging network architectures [5]. The need for information-centric coupled with the inherent support for mobility, security, and in-network opportunistic caching provided by the Information Center Network (ICN) paradigm make it a natural fit for communications ...

Information-Centric Networking: Research and Standardization Status

“…However, how to guarantee the users' privacy in the cached network is a challenging issue to be addressed. In recent past years, many ICN-related projects have investigated several issues and proposed some solutions to deploy ICN in network infrastructure [17], [18].…”

Design and Performance Evaluation of Content-Oriented Communication System for IoT Network: A Case Study of Named Node Networking for Real-Time Video Streaming System

“…In the previous studies [10], we have used x86 compute platform [11], powered by Intel compute stick [12], as the IoT platform to perform experiments in Low-Power Wide-Area (LPWA) network [13], and it proofed that 3N architecture can improve the disaster network's reliability [14]. In the analysis of this paper, we consider the content server nodes are IoT nodes which have the ability to generate content.…”

“…In 3N system, like common ICN platforms, a content name is structured as a hierarchical format, using ''/'' characters to separate different components. For example in figure 4, the content name prefix is format in geographical structure, which improves content delivering performance in IoT and disaster network [13]. The first and second part of the content name provides global routing information and organizational routing information for packet routing.…”

An Index-Modulated FSCM Systems with Low Complexity Algorithm and Enhanced Data Rate

“…Low Power Wide Area Networks (LPWAN) allows ubiquitous connectivity between millions of sensors, allowing for the development of a large number of smart IoT applications, resulting in a smart lifestyle where everything is connected and controlled via the Internet [1]. As a derivative of chirp spread spectrum (CSS) technology, FSCM (Frequency-Shift Chirp Modulation) [2] that is the well-known LoRa modulation, has become one of the most popular LPWAN technologies due to its advantages of low power consumption and long-distance transmission.…”